World Geography MCQs | Objective Questions for UPSC, SSC, & Competitive Exams

World Geography MCQs

Q 1.Chomolungma is located in which country?
A. India
B. Nepal
C. Bhutan
D. Tibet
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Nepal]
Notes: Chomolungma is one name of Mount Everest, and its located in Nepal, as we all know.
Q 2.The two equinoxes occur in which of the two months?
A. June & December
B. March & September
C. March & December
D. January & December
Answer: Correct Answer:B [March & September]
Notes: The equinoxes occur in March and September. The equinoxes are the days when the sun is directly over the equator, making day and night of equal length. The equinoxes are sometimes called the “vernal equinox” (spring equinox) and the “autumnal equinox” (fall equinox). The equinoxes have different dates in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.The equinoxes occur around March 21 and September 22. In the Northern Hemisphere, the autumnal equinox occurs around September 22 or 23. In the Southern Hemisphere, the equinox occurs on March 20 or 21.On equinoxes, most places on Earth receive more than 12 hours of daylight.
Q 3.The Himalayan mountain range is an example of which of the following?
A. Residual mountain
B. Fold mountain
C. Block mountain
D. Volcanic mountain
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Fold mountain]
Notes: Himalayas are a type of young fold mountains. Fold mountains are formed due to collision of tectonic plates. When two tectonic plates collide they get compressed resulting in upliftment of Earth’s crust. Young because Himalayas are still in the process of formation.
Q 4.Alps Mountain range is located in which of the following continents?
A. North America
B. Europe
C. Africa
D. South America
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Europe]
Notes: The Alps are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, separating Southern from Central and Western Europe and stretching approximately 1,200 kilometres across eight Alpine countries: France, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia.
Q 5.Brahmaputra is an example of which of the following drainages?
A. Annular
B. Antecedent
C. Superimposed
D. Radial
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Antecedent]
Notes: Indus, Sutlej, Brahmaputra and other Himalayan rivers that is older than the Himalayas themselves. There are usually called as ANTECEDENT RIVERS.
Q 6.Who among the following is the first known person to use the word Geography?
A. Eratosthenes
B. Ptolemy
C. Hippalus
D. Aristotle
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Eratosthenes]
Notes: Eratosthenes of Cyrene (3rdCentury BC) is the first known person to use the word geography for the first time. He is the first person to calculate the circumference of the earth and the tilt of the earth axis with reliable accuracy.
Q 7.The Archipelago Sea is is part of __?
A. Mediterranean Sea
B. Red Sea
C. Baltic Sea
D. North Sea
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Baltic Sea ]
Notes: The Archipelago Sea is a part of the Baltic Sea, located within the boundaries of Finnish territorial water. It is of roughly triangular shape and the tips of the triangles are Finnish cities.
Q 8.Which coral reef system comprises a big field of sand mounds?
A. Filippo Reef
B. Flinders Reef
C. Darwin Mounds
D. Lansdowne Bank
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Darwin Mounds]
Notes: The coral reef of Darwin Mounds comprises a big field of sand mounds. It is situated off the northwest coast of Scotland and they are found about 1000 metres below the surface of the North Atlantic Ocean.
Q 9.Which Isthmus connects the Crimean Peninsula to Ukraine?
A. Isthmus of Kra
B. Isthmus of Catalina Island
C. Isthmus of Rivas
D. Isthmus of Perekop
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Isthmus of Perekop]
Notes: The Isthmus of Perekop connects the Crimean Peninsula to the mainland of Ukraine. It separates the water bodies of the Black Sea and the Sivash. Its width is nearly 5 to 7 km.
Q 10.The Mississippi River flows in which continent?
A. South America
B. Asia
C. Europe
D. North America
Answer: Correct Answer:D [North America]
Notes: The Mississippi River flows in the continent of North America. It is the second longest river in North America and second largest drainage system after the Hudson Bay drainage system.
Q 11.7th Regional Conservation Forum of IUCN was organized in which country?
A. India
B. Pakistan
C. Russia
D. Switzerland
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Pakistan]
Notes: International Union for Conservation of Nature organized the 7th Regional Conservation Forum in Islamabad, Pakistan. Secretary of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change represented India at the forum. More than 500 representatives from different countries, corporate sector and NGOs participated in the forum.The forum discussed the rapid melting of Himalayan Glacier causing food and water shortage to 800 million people in South Asia and South-East Asia including China.36% Glaciers in the regions of Himalayas and Hindukush are to vanish by 2100.The increasing Global Warming is decimating the glaciers of Hindu Kush Himalaya region. The rate of Global Warming is greater than in any other part of the world.
Q 12.Which among the following deals with the art of map making?
A. Geology
B. Geomorphalogy
C. Stratigraphy
D. Cartography
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Cartography]
Notes: Cartography is the art of making maps on the available reliable information. Oldest known cartographer is “Anaximander” (Greek), He is considered to be the first mapmaker. Extra Info: Cartosat series is a series of Earth observation satellites by India.
Q 13.Which of the following archipelago contributed to the inception of the Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?
A. Malay Archipelago
B. Caroline Islands
C. Bismarck Archipelago
D. Galapagos Islands
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Galapagos Islands]
Notes: The Galapagos Islands are distributed on either side of the equator in the Pacific Ocean & are the home for large number of endemic species. They were studied by Charles Darwin & it led to the inception of Darwin’s theory of Evolution by means of natural selection.
Q 14.Which is the largest island of Antarctica?
A. Alexander Island
B. King George Island
C. Livingston Island
D. Ross island
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Alexander Island]
Notes: Alexander Island is the largest island of Antarctica. It is the second largest island which is uninhabited in the world after Devon Island. It covers an area of 49,070 square km.
Q 15.In which Indian state is Marina Beach located?
A. Goa
B. Tamil Nadu
C. Gujarat
D. Maharashtra
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Tamil Nadu]
Notes: Marina Beach is located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, along the coast of the Bay of Bengal. It is India’s longest natural urban beach & world’s second longest urban beach.
Q 16.Bloubergstrand Beach is located in which country?
A. America
B. Mozambique
C. South Africa
D. Japan
Answer: Correct Answer:C [South Africa]
Notes: Bloubergstrand Beach is located in Cape Town, South Africa. It is a long white sand beach in the Atlantic Ocean. On the west side of the beach is a bay known as ‘Big Bay’.
Q 17.Which is the deepest canyon in the world?
A. The Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon
B. Antelope Canyon
C. Copper Canyon
D. Fish River Canyon
Answer: Correct Answer:A [The Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon ]
Notes: The Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon is the deepest canyon in the world. It lies along the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet, China. It is also known as the Brahmaputra Canyon.
Q 18.Which is the largest constellation in the sky?
A. Virgo
B. Ursa Major
C. Ophiuchus
D. Hydra
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Hydra ]
Notes: There are 88 standard constellations. Among them, hydra is the largest. Followed by Virgo and Ursa Major.
Q 19.Which planet in the solar system is associated with the  phenomena ‘Great Dark Spot’ ?
A. Neptune
B. Jupiter
C. Saturn
D. Uranus
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Neptune]
Notes: Great Dark Spots is associated with the phenomena of anticyclonic storms in the atmosphere of Neptune.
Q 20.What is the narrow opening of the Volcano called?
A. Crater
B. Vent
C. Dyke
D. Sill
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Vent]
Notes: The narrow opening of the volcano is called the Crater. The upper part of the vent, a cup shaped depression is called a crater.
Q 21.Which among the following is a closed hydrological systems?
A. Exorheic basin
B. Endorheic basin
C. Perennial basin
D. Eupheral basin
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Endorheic basin]
Notes: Endorheic basins are basins which have a limited drainage and which normally retains water. It does not allow the outflow to other external bodies like rivers or oceans. They are closed hydrological systems.
Q 22.What is a shallow cave-like opening at the base of a cliff called?
A. Crevasse
B. Scree
C. Rock shelter
D. Ridge
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Rock shelter]
Notes: Rock shelter also known as rockhouse or bluff shelter is a shallow cave-like opening at the base of a cliff. Most of them are found under the waterfalls.
Q 23.What are gradual processes in which a mass moves down a slope related to freeze-thaw activity?
A. Deflation
B. Abrasion
C. Solifluction
D. Deposition
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Solifluction]
Notes: Solifluction is a movement of waste saturated in water found in periglacial environments. They are gradual processes in which a mass moves down a slope related to freeze-thaw activity.
Q 24.Which among the following pairs of slope landforms is/are correctly matched?Cliff – A vertical or near vertical rock face of substantial height.Col – Land between two converging, or confluent rivers.Select the correct code from the options given below:
A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. Both 1 & 2
D. Neither 1 & 2
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Only 1]
Notes: Col is the lowest point on a mountain ridge between two peaks.Doab is a land between two converging, or confluent rivers.
Q 25.Which nation houses “Nanling Mountains”?
A. Vietnam
B. Mongolia
C. China
D. Russia
Answer: Correct Answer:C [China]
Notes: Nanling Mountains, also known as Wuling, is a mountain range located in China. This mountain range separates the Pearl River Basin from the Yangtze Valley. Kitten Mountain is its highest point. These mountains form the corridor for the migration of Chinese ethnic groups which leads to national amalgamation.
Q 26.Which among the following Delta’s is also referred to as ‘biological treasure trove’?
A. Mackenzie Delta
B. Volga Delta
C. Mekong Delta
D. Lena Delta
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Mekong Delta]
Notes: The Mekong Delta also known as the Western Region is located in Vietnam. It is dubbed as a ‘biological treasure trove’ due to vast biological diversity.
Q 27.Mt. Elbrus is located in which among the following continents?
A. North America
B. South America
C. Africa
D. Europe
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Europe]
Notes: Mount Elbrus is the highest mountain on the European continent. It is 5642 metres above sea level. It is located in Russia.
Q 28.In which among the following latitudes is the Sub Polar Low Pressure Belt located?
A. 60 degree North and 60 degree South latitude
B. 10 degree North and 10 degree South latitude
C. 45 degree North and 45 degree South latitude
D. 90 degree North and 90 degree South latitude
Answer: Correct Answer:A [60 degree North and 60 degree South latitude]
Notes: The Sub Polar Low Pressure Belt exists along 60° to 65° latitude in both the hemisphere. It is a zone of convergence of warm and cold air masses and also known as temperate convergence zone.
Q 29.Which water body is located in between Panama and Colombia?
A. Gulf of Penas
B. Gulf of Paria
C. Gulf of Darien
D. Gulf of Venezuela
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Gulf of Darien]
Notes: Gulf of Darien is located in the southernmost region of the Caribbean Sea between Panama and Colombia. Another gulf, Gulf of Uraba is also located between the provinces of Colombia. Gulf of Darien houses the Atrato River Delta.
Q 30.In which nation “Inga Falls” is located?
A. Chile
B. Spain
C. Democratic Republic of Congo
D. Brazil
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Democratic Republic of Congo]
Notes: Inga Falls is a rapid located in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Congo River forms the watercourse of the Inga Falls. It is located downstream of Livingston Falls closer to Pool Malebo. It houses two hydroelectric dam named Inga I and Inga II. There is a proposal, as of 2014, to construct the largest hydro-electric power generating facility on earth in the Inga Falls.
Q 31.Which countries share the location of “Ore Mountain Range”?
A. Chile and Bolivia
B. Czech Republic and Germany
C. Russia and Azerbaijan
D. Ukraine and Russia
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Czech Republic and Germany]
Notes: The Czech Republic and Germany share the location of the Ore Mountain Range. It is located in Central Europe which forms the natural border between the Czech Republic and Germany. The Klinovec is the highest peak of this mountain range which is 1244 metres above sea level. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This mountain range played an important role in Bronze Age through a developed craft mining and metallurgy culture which further contributed to the industrial revolution in future.
Q 32.Which among the following types of Grasslands is characterized by scattered trees?Savannah GrasslandTemperate GrasslandSelect the correct code from the options given below:
A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. Both 1 & 2
D. Neither 1 & 2
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Only 1]
Notes: Savanna is grassland with scattered individual trees. Savannas of one sort or another cover almost half the surface of Africa and large areas of Australia, South America, and India. Savannas are always found in warm or hot climates where the annual rainfall is from about 50.8 to 127 cm (20-50 inches) per year.Temperate grasslands are characterized as having grasses as the dominant vegetation. Trees and large shrubs are absent.
Q 33.Which among the following statements is/are correct about the Desert Biome?Desserts are dry or arid areas that receive less than 250 mm of rain each year.Deserts can be hot or cold.Select the correct code from the options given below:
A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. Both 1 & 2
D. Neither 1 & 2
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes: Desserts are dry or arid areas that receive less than 250 mm of rain each year. Deserts can be hot or cold. They contain plants and animals that are specially adapted to these extremely dry conditions.
Q 34.The “Morne aux Diables Volcano” is located in which country?
A. The Bahamas
B. Dominican Republic
C. Commonwealth of Dominica
D. Antigua and Barbuda
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Commonwealth of Dominica]
Notes: Morne aux Diables is a dormant stratovolcano, also known as Devil’s Peak, located in the island country of Dominica. It is 861 metres above sea level. Morne aux Diables is the northernmost of the nine volcanic craters on the island of Dominica. The complex is comprised of five intact andesitic crystal-rich lava domes that form a central depression. Within the depression, Cold Soufriere is located with hydrothermally altered rocks and many small bubbling pools.
Q 35.Which among the following factors is/are associated with the consequences of Migration?DemographicEconomicSocio-culturalPhysiologicalSelect the correct code from the options given below:
A. Only 1 & 3
B. Only 2 & 4
C. 1, 2 & 3
D. 1, 2, 3 & 4
Answer: Correct Answer:D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes: The area of origin, the area of destination and the migrants themselves are affected and altered profoundly as a result of migration.The consequences of migrations can be thought of as being:– demographic– economic– socio-cultural– physiological
Q 36.What is a specialized branch of aquaculture which involves the cultivation of marine organism for food and other products in the open ocean, an enclosed section of the ocean called?
A. Mariculture
B. Shrimp Farming
C. Algaculture
D. Whaling
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Mariculture]
Notes: Mariculture – It is a specialized branch of aquaculture which involves the cultivation of marine organism for food and other products in the open ocean, an enclosed section of the ocean. Example, farming of marine fish, prawns, or oysters in salt water ponds.
Q 37.From which among the following trees is Chicle obtained which is used for making chewing gums?
A. Quebracho tree
B. Cinchona tree
C. Zapote tree
D. Toquilla tree
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Zapote tree ]
Notes: Gums and resins form one group of plant products obtained from forests. Chicle is used for making chewing gums and it is a product obtained from the sap of the zapote tree growing in the tropical rainforests from southern Mexico and British Honduras to Brazil.
Q 38.Which country is the only major exporter of raw silk in Europe?
A. Germany
B. France
C. Spain
D. Italy
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Italy]
Notes: Sericulture refers to the rearing of silk worms and obtaining silk from them. Presently, sericulture is almost confined to eastern Asia and southern Europe. Italy is the only major exporter of raw silk in Europe.
Q 39.What is the process in which a relatively narrow but deep bore-well is made to obtain a mineral?
A. Shaft mining
B. Quarrying
C. Drilling
D. Open cast mining
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Drilling]
Notes: Liquid or gaseous minerals are obtained by the process of drilling. This process implies making a relatively narrow but deep bore-well to obtain the mineral. The mineral can then be obtained through pumping.
Q 40.Which country accounts for the largest share in the world export of manufactures?
A. United States
B. Russia
C. Germany
D. France
Answer: Correct Answer:A [United States]
Notes: Western Europe, Asia and North America are the leading regions in terms of their share in the exports of manufactured commodities.At the level of the individual countries, the largest share in the world exports of manufactures are accounted for by US (14.0%), Germany (9.9%), Japan (9.7%), France (5.3%) and UK (5%).
Q 41.Which ocean houses the “Glorioso Islands”?
A. Indian Ocean
B. Pacific Ocean
C. Arctic Ocean
D. Atlantic Ocean
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Indian Ocean]
Notes: Glorioso Islands are a group of French islands that form part of the Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean under the French Southern and Antarctic lands, an overseas territory of France. They are geographically part of the Comoro Islands between the French overseas region of Mayotte and Madagascar. The France-Seychelles Maritime Boundary Agreement is a 2001 treaty between France and Seychelles which delimits the maritime boundary between Seychelles and the uninhabited Glorioso Islands which are claimed by France.
Q 42.Massif Central is located in which country?
A. Portugal
B. Spain
C. France
D. Germany
Answer: Correct Answer:C [France]
Notes: The Massif Central is a highland region located in the middle of southern France, consisting of mountains and plateaus. It covers about 15% of mainland France. These central mountains are separated from the Alps by a deep north-south cleft created by the Rhone River, which is known as “Rhone furrow”. This region was a barrier to transport within France until the opening of the A75 motorway.
Q 43.The “Isthmus of Corinth” is the narrow land bridge which connects the Peloponnese peninsula with the rest of the mainland of which country?
A. Turkey
B. Italy
C. Albania
D. Greece
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Greece]
Notes: The Isthmus of Corinth is the narrow land bridge which connects the Peloponnese peninsula with the rest of the mainland of Greece, near the city of Corinth. The Isthmus was known in the ancient world as the landmark separating the Peloponnese from mainland Greece.
Q 44.Which country’s grassland ecosystem is “Rupununi savannah”?
A. Peru
B. Colombia
C. Chile
D. Guyana
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Guyana]
Notes: The Rupununi is a savanna plain in Guyana. It is an ecoregion of the Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands Biome. The Rupununi Savannah is located between the Rupununi River and the border with Brazil and Venezuela. The Rupununi forms the southwestern wilderness territory of Guyana, a South American country situated on the Northeastern littoral of South America. The savannah is dissected by the Kanuku Mountains. The Rupununi Savannah encompasses 5000 square miles of virtually untouched grasslands, swamplands, rain-forested mountains.
Q 45.Indonesia’s capital Jakarta is located on which island?
A. Sumatra Island
B. Java Island
C. Sulawesi Island
D. Borneo Island
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Java Island]
Notes: Java Island houses the capital city of Indonesia “Jakarta”. Java is an island of Indonesia, bordered by the Indian Ocean on the south and the Java Sea on the north. Java constitutes 56.1 per cent of the Indonesian population and is the world’s most populous island. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is on its northwestern coast.
Q 46.How many rivers are there in Lebanon?
A. 20
B. 25
C. 15
D. 17
Answer: Correct Answer:C [15]
Notes: There are total of 15 rivers in Lebanese Republic. All of the 15 rivers have their source of origin in the mountains of Lebanon itself.
Q 47.What is the %age of total area under agriculture in Luxembourg?
A. 45%
B. 67%
C. 51%
D. 32%
Answer: Correct Answer:C [51%]
Notes: The total area under agriculture in Luxembourg is about 1310 sq. km. It counts about 51% of the total area of the country.
Q 48.Which of the following is the longest river of Nigeria?
A. Niger
B. Benue
C. Kaduna
D. Imo
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Niger]
Notes: The longest river of Federal Republic of Nigeria is river Niger. It originates from the highlands of Guinea. It is about 4180 km long.
Q 49.Sink hole is a phenomenon of _:
A. Plain
B. Desert
C. Tundra
D. Karst
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Karst]
Notes: Karst topography, a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum, characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves.A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of collapse of the surface layer. They are common where the rock below the land surface is limestone or other carbonate rock, that can be dissolved naturally by circulating ground water.
Q 50.Summer rains in Australia broadly decreases from__:
A. east to west
B. west to east
C. north to south
D. south to north
Answer: Correct Answer:C [north to south]
Notes: Precipitation patterns across Australia are seasonal in nature. In northern Australia, most of the year’s rain falls in the summer months, while the winter months are dry. In the southern part of Australia, rain tends to fall more in the winter than in the summer. Precipitation gradually decreases from north to south and becomes more seasonal due to the reduced influence of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and greater exposure to monsoon rainfall variability.

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