International Affairs MCQs
Q 1.Tamas Sulyok, who was seen in the news, became a new president of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Hungary]
Notes: Hungary’s parliament named Tamás Sulyok as the new president after the previous head resigned amid a scandal over a contentious pardon in a child sexual abuse case. Sulyok, a 67-year-old lawyer and former head of Hungary’s Constitutional Court, assumed the presidency through a secret parliamentary vote, securing 134 votes in favor and five against.
Notes: Hungary’s parliament named Tamás Sulyok as the new president after the previous head resigned amid a scandal over a contentious pardon in a child sexual abuse case. Sulyok, a 67-year-old lawyer and former head of Hungary’s Constitutional Court, assumed the presidency through a secret parliamentary vote, securing 134 votes in favor and five against.
Q 2.Blue Line term, recently seen in the news, serves as the boundary between which of the following two countries?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Lebanon and Israel]
Notes: US envoy Amos Hochstein underscores the need for diplomatic resolution to quell rising tensions between Israel and Hezbollah along the Blue Line, UN-demarcated boundary separating Lebanon and Israel. Established in 2000 after Israel’s withdrawal from southern Lebanon, the Blue Line aims to prevent conflicts and facilitate security arrangements in the region.
Notes: US envoy Amos Hochstein underscores the need for diplomatic resolution to quell rising tensions between Israel and Hezbollah along the Blue Line, UN-demarcated boundary separating Lebanon and Israel. Established in 2000 after Israel’s withdrawal from southern Lebanon, the Blue Line aims to prevent conflicts and facilitate security arrangements in the region.
Q 3.Recently, which agency has signed a working arrangement with European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation (Europol)?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [CBI]
Notes: The CBI and Europol signed a Working Arrangement for cooperation between Indian and EU law enforcement. Executives Catherine De Bolle and Praveen Sood inked the deal during a virtual event. The agreement aims to foster direct collaboration, leveraging their mandates and strategies for synergies.
Notes: The CBI and Europol signed a Working Arrangement for cooperation between Indian and EU law enforcement. Executives Catherine De Bolle and Praveen Sood inked the deal during a virtual event. The agreement aims to foster direct collaboration, leveraging their mandates and strategies for synergies.
Q 4.P-800 Onyx Missile, recently seen in news, is developed by which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Russia]
Notes: Russia’s Onyx supersonic cruise missile, known as the P-800 Onyx or Oniks, is set to become deadlier with a new target seeker. With speeds exceeding 3,000 km/h, it’s tough to intercept. Operating at low altitudes, it’s stealthy and versatile, targeting ships and ground objects. It boasts a range of up to 300 km and operates on a “shoot and forget” principle, needing minimal target data for successful strikes.
Notes: Russia’s Onyx supersonic cruise missile, known as the P-800 Onyx or Oniks, is set to become deadlier with a new target seeker. With speeds exceeding 3,000 km/h, it’s tough to intercept. Operating at low altitudes, it’s stealthy and versatile, targeting ships and ground objects. It boasts a range of up to 300 km and operates on a “shoot and forget” principle, needing minimal target data for successful strikes.
Q 5.Recently, which two countries have partially joined the Schengen area, the ID-check-free travel zone in Europe?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Romania and Bulgaria ]
Notes: Romania and Bulgaria have partially joined the Schengen Area, marking a significant step in their integration with the European Union. After years of negotiations, air and sea travelers from both countries now have ID-check-free access. However, land border checks persist, notably due to Austria’s concerns over illegal migration. The Schengen Area, established in 1985, encompasses 23 EU states plus Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein. Prior to this expansion, around 3.5 million people crossed internal borders daily.
Notes: Romania and Bulgaria have partially joined the Schengen Area, marking a significant step in their integration with the European Union. After years of negotiations, air and sea travelers from both countries now have ID-check-free access. However, land border checks persist, notably due to Austria’s concerns over illegal migration. The Schengen Area, established in 1985, encompasses 23 EU states plus Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein. Prior to this expansion, around 3.5 million people crossed internal borders daily.
Q 6.Recently, an anti-dumping probe has been initiated on ‘insoluble sulphur’ imports from which countries?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [China and Japan]
Notes: An anti-dumping investigation has commenced on imports of ‘insoluble sulphur’ from China and Japan. Insoluble sulphur, an amorphous form of sulfur, doesn’t dissolve in carbon disulfide. Widely utilized as a rubber additive, especially in automobile parts like tires and shoes, it acts as a vulcanization accelerator, enhancing rubber quality and durability through cross-linking. This process, vital in the rubber industry, improves product wearability and overall quality.
Notes: An anti-dumping investigation has commenced on imports of ‘insoluble sulphur’ from China and Japan. Insoluble sulphur, an amorphous form of sulfur, doesn’t dissolve in carbon disulfide. Widely utilized as a rubber additive, especially in automobile parts like tires and shoes, it acts as a vulcanization accelerator, enhancing rubber quality and durability through cross-linking. This process, vital in the rubber industry, improves product wearability and overall quality.
Q 7.Recently, Australian government in its National Defense Strategy 2024 identified which country as ‘top-tier security partner’ in the Indo-Pacific Region?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [India]
Notes: Australia’s National Defense Strategy 2024 designates India as a “top-tier security partner” in the Indo-Pacific Region (IPR), emphasizing practical cooperation. Both nations collaborate in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) with Japan and the US to address regional challenges. Bilaterally, they upgraded ties to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2020, focusing on maritime cooperation and defense. Agreements like Mutual Logistics Support and AUSTRAHIND joint military exercises further deepen defense collaboration.
Notes: Australia’s National Defense Strategy 2024 designates India as a “top-tier security partner” in the Indo-Pacific Region (IPR), emphasizing practical cooperation. Both nations collaborate in the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) with Japan and the US to address regional challenges. Bilaterally, they upgraded ties to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2020, focusing on maritime cooperation and defense. Agreements like Mutual Logistics Support and AUSTRAHIND joint military exercises further deepen defense collaboration.
Q 8.Which country recently passed Foreign Aid Bill to provide military aid to Ukraine?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [USA]
Notes: President Joe Biden has signed a $95 billion military aid package, featuring $61 billion for Ukraine, $26 billion for Israel, and $8 billion for the Indo-Pacific. Notably, the bill includes provisions targeting TikTok, giving parent company ByteDance nine months to sell the app before it’s banned in the US. Months of negotiation, lobbying by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, and a split in the House Republican conference preceded the signing, posing challenges for House Speaker Mike Johnson’s leadership due to conservative opposition to increased aid for Ukraine.
Notes: President Joe Biden has signed a $95 billion military aid package, featuring $61 billion for Ukraine, $26 billion for Israel, and $8 billion for the Indo-Pacific. Notably, the bill includes provisions targeting TikTok, giving parent company ByteDance nine months to sell the app before it’s banned in the US. Months of negotiation, lobbying by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, and a split in the House Republican conference preceded the signing, posing challenges for House Speaker Mike Johnson’s leadership due to conservative opposition to increased aid for Ukraine.
Q 9.Recently, which country has decided to lift restrictions on the sale of small arms to India as an exception?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Germany]
Notes: In April 2024, Germany lifted restrictions on the sale of small arms to India as an exception to its previous policy of only allowing sales to NATO countries and other NATO-equivalent countries. This decision reflects the growing military and strategic ties between the two countries. The request from India was for spare parts and accessories for the National Security Guard.
Notes: In April 2024, Germany lifted restrictions on the sale of small arms to India as an exception to its previous policy of only allowing sales to NATO countries and other NATO-equivalent countries. This decision reflects the growing military and strategic ties between the two countries. The request from India was for spare parts and accessories for the National Security Guard.
Q 10.Recently, which country is contemplating the lifting of vehicle import restrictions to stimulate economic growth?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Sri Lanka]
Notes: Sri Lanka is considering lifting vehicle import restrictions to stimulate economic growth, potentially by late 2024 or early 2025. Enforced in response to economic turmoil in 2022, the move aligns with IMF revenue targets but could strain foreign exchange reserves by $800 million. President Wickremasinghe’s committee recommendations are pivotal. Despite its severe economic downturn, the Sri Lankan rupee is stabilizing, hinting at positive developments in its value.
Notes: Sri Lanka is considering lifting vehicle import restrictions to stimulate economic growth, potentially by late 2024 or early 2025. Enforced in response to economic turmoil in 2022, the move aligns with IMF revenue targets but could strain foreign exchange reserves by $800 million. President Wickremasinghe’s committee recommendations are pivotal. Despite its severe economic downturn, the Sri Lankan rupee is stabilizing, hinting at positive developments in its value.
Q 11.Recently, which country has appointed Col.Edison Napyo as the first Defence Adviser of India?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Papua New Guinea]
Notes: Papua New Guinea has named Colonel Edison Napyo as its inaugural Defence Advisor to India, signifying deepening cooperation between the two nations. Acting Chief of Defence Force Commodore Philip Polewara led the farewell ceremony for Napyo, who will serve as a liaison between PNG’s government and military in India. Col Napyo, the first to hold this position, aims to facilitate training and diplomatic engagements. Commodore Polewara emphasized representing PNG effectively during Napyo’s deployment.
Notes: Papua New Guinea has named Colonel Edison Napyo as its inaugural Defence Advisor to India, signifying deepening cooperation between the two nations. Acting Chief of Defence Force Commodore Philip Polewara led the farewell ceremony for Napyo, who will serve as a liaison between PNG’s government and military in India. Col Napyo, the first to hold this position, aims to facilitate training and diplomatic engagements. Commodore Polewara emphasized representing PNG effectively during Napyo’s deployment.
Q 12.The English Channel, recently in the news, separates which two countries?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [England & France]
Notes: Recently, tragedy struck the English Channel as five individuals, including a child, lost their lives attempting to cross it. This event occurred mere hours after Britain’s passing of a bill aiming to deport asylum seekers to Rwanda, in hopes of deterring such perilous crossings. The English Channel, also known as “the Channel,” is a narrow stretch of the Atlantic Ocean, separating the southern coast of England from the northern coast of France.
Notes: Recently, tragedy struck the English Channel as five individuals, including a child, lost their lives attempting to cross it. This event occurred mere hours after Britain’s passing of a bill aiming to deport asylum seekers to Rwanda, in hopes of deterring such perilous crossings. The English Channel, also known as “the Channel,” is a narrow stretch of the Atlantic Ocean, separating the southern coast of England from the northern coast of France.
Q 13.Chernobyl nuclear power plant, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Ukraine]
Notes: Every April 26th marks the International Chernobyl Disaster Remembrance Day, honoring the victims of the catastrophic event. On April 26, 1986, the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant explosion in Ukraine released a massive radioactive cloud, exposing around 8.4 million people to harmful radiation. The day serves to raise awareness of the disaster’s consequences and the ongoing impact on affected communities worldwide.
Notes: Every April 26th marks the International Chernobyl Disaster Remembrance Day, honoring the victims of the catastrophic event. On April 26, 1986, the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant explosion in Ukraine released a massive radioactive cloud, exposing around 8.4 million people to harmful radiation. The day serves to raise awareness of the disaster’s consequences and the ongoing impact on affected communities worldwide.
Q 14.Recently, which country has decided to lift restrictions on the sale of small arms to India as an exception?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Germany]
Notes: In April 2024, Germany lifted restrictions on the sale of small arms to India as an exception to its previous policy of only allowing sales to NATO countries and other NATO-equivalent countries. This decision reflects the growing military and strategic ties between the two countries. The request from India was for spare parts and accessories for the National Security Guard.
Notes: In April 2024, Germany lifted restrictions on the sale of small arms to India as an exception to its previous policy of only allowing sales to NATO countries and other NATO-equivalent countries. This decision reflects the growing military and strategic ties between the two countries. The request from India was for spare parts and accessories for the National Security Guard.
Q 15.Recently, which country has launched a new currency ‘ZiG’?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Zimbabwe]
Notes: Zimbabwe introduces the ZiG currency, aiming to stabilize its economy. The ZiG, backed by gold reserves, replaces the depreciated Zimbabwe dollar. Initially launched electronically, physical banknotes and coins are now in circulation. Despite efforts to restore faith, skepticism persists, with some government departments refusing to accept the new currency. This move reflects ongoing struggles to address Zimbabwe’s enduring economic challenges.
Notes: Zimbabwe introduces the ZiG currency, aiming to stabilize its economy. The ZiG, backed by gold reserves, replaces the depreciated Zimbabwe dollar. Initially launched electronically, physical banknotes and coins are now in circulation. Despite efforts to restore faith, skepticism persists, with some government departments refusing to accept the new currency. This move reflects ongoing struggles to address Zimbabwe’s enduring economic challenges.
Q 16.Which country recently introduced ‘world-first’ laws regarding internet-connected smart devices to protect against cybercrime?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [United Kingdom]
Notes: The UK government has implemented groundbreaking laws mandating minimum security standards for internet-connected smart devices, aiming to shield consumers and businesses from hacking and cyber-attacks. Manufacturers are now barred from employing weak default passwords such as “admin” or “12345”. Users will be prompted to change any common passwords upon device start-up, enhancing overall security measures.
Notes: The UK government has implemented groundbreaking laws mandating minimum security standards for internet-connected smart devices, aiming to shield consumers and businesses from hacking and cyber-attacks. Manufacturers are now barred from employing weak default passwords such as “admin” or “12345”. Users will be prompted to change any common passwords upon device start-up, enhancing overall security measures.
Q 17.Recently, which city is constructing the world’s largest airport, Al Maktoum International Airport?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Dubai]
Notes: Dubai is developing the world’s largest airport, Al Maktoum International Airport, under Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum’s leadership. With a capacity for 260 million passengers annually, it will feature 400 terminal gates and five parallel runways. Beyond transportation, it aims to integrate into urban life, commerce, and global trade, positioning itself as the “world’s airport” within Dubai South. This ambitious project underscores Dubai’s dedication to innovation and global connectivity.
Notes: Dubai is developing the world’s largest airport, Al Maktoum International Airport, under Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum’s leadership. With a capacity for 260 million passengers annually, it will feature 400 terminal gates and five parallel runways. Beyond transportation, it aims to integrate into urban life, commerce, and global trade, positioning itself as the “world’s airport” within Dubai South. This ambitious project underscores Dubai’s dedication to innovation and global connectivity.
Q 18.Agenda 2063, recently seen in the news, is related to which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [African Union (AU)]
Notes: The African Union (AU), comprising 55 member states, condemned the Israeli military’s incursion into Rafah, southern Gaza, urging the international community to halt the “deadly escalation” of the conflict. Established in 2002, replacing the Organization of African Unity (OAU), AU aims to foster unity, cooperation, and development among African nations. Guided by its vision, AU seeks an integrated, prosperous, and peaceful Africa through Agenda 2063, emphasizing African-led initiatives.
Notes: The African Union (AU), comprising 55 member states, condemned the Israeli military’s incursion into Rafah, southern Gaza, urging the international community to halt the “deadly escalation” of the conflict. Established in 2002, replacing the Organization of African Unity (OAU), AU aims to foster unity, cooperation, and development among African nations. Guided by its vision, AU seeks an integrated, prosperous, and peaceful Africa through Agenda 2063, emphasizing African-led initiatives.
Q 19.Recently, which country’s ambassador inaugurated the Kohima Peace Memorial in Nagaland?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Japan]
Notes: In Nagaland, Japan’s ambassador Hiroshi Suzuki and CM Neiphiu Rio inaugurated Kohima Peace Memorial and laid Eco Park’s foundation stone. Symbolizing Japan-Nagaland collaboration, it commemorates WWII’s Battle of Kohima, signifying peace and reconciliation. Ambassador Suzuki highlighted the battle’s impact on Nagaland and prayed for all souls involved. He praised the monument’s role in honoring victims. The event holds historical and educational significance, fostering remembrance and respect.
Notes: In Nagaland, Japan’s ambassador Hiroshi Suzuki and CM Neiphiu Rio inaugurated Kohima Peace Memorial and laid Eco Park’s foundation stone. Symbolizing Japan-Nagaland collaboration, it commemorates WWII’s Battle of Kohima, signifying peace and reconciliation. Ambassador Suzuki highlighted the battle’s impact on Nagaland and prayed for all souls involved. He praised the monument’s role in honoring victims. The event holds historical and educational significance, fostering remembrance and respect.
Q 20.Kami Rita, who recently became the first person in the world to climb Mount Everest 29 times, belongs to which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Nepal]
Notes: Kami Rita, a legendary Nepalese mountaineer, broke his own world record by summiting Mount Everest 29 times. He accomplished this feat over 30 years, with his latest ascent on May 12, 2024. Born in 1970, Rita began his career in 1992 and conquered Everest first in 1994. He’s known as the “Everest Man.” His competitor, Pasang Dawa, has climbed Everest 27 times. Everest’s height is 8,848.86 meters or 29,031.69 feet.
Notes: Kami Rita, a legendary Nepalese mountaineer, broke his own world record by summiting Mount Everest 29 times. He accomplished this feat over 30 years, with his latest ascent on May 12, 2024. Born in 1970, Rita began his career in 1992 and conquered Everest first in 1994. He’s known as the “Everest Man.” His competitor, Pasang Dawa, has climbed Everest 27 times. Everest’s height is 8,848.86 meters or 29,031.69 feet.
Q 21.Which country recently unveiled the world’s first 6G device?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Japan]
Notes: A Japanese consortium unveiled the world’s first high-speed 6G prototype gadget, surpassing 5G by 20 times. Developed by DOCOMO, NTT, NEC, and Fujitsu, it can transmit data over 300 feet at 100 Gbps, tested successfully indoors and outdoors. However, 6G is still in developmental stages and not ready for commercial use. Despite its impressive speeds, there are inherent drawbacks in network technology.
Notes: A Japanese consortium unveiled the world’s first high-speed 6G prototype gadget, surpassing 5G by 20 times. Developed by DOCOMO, NTT, NEC, and Fujitsu, it can transmit data over 300 feet at 100 Gbps, tested successfully indoors and outdoors. However, 6G is still in developmental stages and not ready for commercial use. Despite its impressive speeds, there are inherent drawbacks in network technology.
Q 22.Port of Cartagena, recently seen in the news, is located in which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Spain]
Notes: Spain denied entry to an Israel-bound vessel carrying arms at Cartagena port. Cartagena serves as an intermediate stop for ships, facilitating cargo operations and refueling. Such ports initially provided anchorage for ships to refuel, restock, and repair, evolving into commercial hubs. Aden, Honolulu, and Singapore exemplify these transitional ports. Spain’s refusal underscores global efforts to regulate arms trafficking and highlights the significance of ports in international security.
Notes: Spain denied entry to an Israel-bound vessel carrying arms at Cartagena port. Cartagena serves as an intermediate stop for ships, facilitating cargo operations and refueling. Such ports initially provided anchorage for ships to refuel, restock, and repair, evolving into commercial hubs. Aden, Honolulu, and Singapore exemplify these transitional ports. Spain’s refusal underscores global efforts to regulate arms trafficking and highlights the significance of ports in international security.
Q 23.Recently, which nations have granted statehood status to Palestine?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Norway, Ireland and Spain]
Notes: Norway, Ireland, and Spain recently granted statehood status to Palestine. In response, Israel recalled its ambassadors from Norway and Ireland. Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre announced that the official declaration will be made on May 28.
Notes: Norway, Ireland, and Spain recently granted statehood status to Palestine. In response, Israel recalled its ambassadors from Norway and Ireland. Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre announced that the official declaration will be made on May 28.
Q 24.Which country has recently assumed the chair of the Colombo Process for the term 2024-26?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [India]
Notes: India assumed the Chair of the Colombo Process for 2024-26, its first time since 2003. The Colombo Process, a regional consultative platform for managing overseas employment and labor, includes 12 Asian member states like Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. India, a founding member, focuses on skills recognition and ethical recruitment. The UN’s International Organization for Migration supports this process.
Notes: India assumed the Chair of the Colombo Process for 2024-26, its first time since 2003. The Colombo Process, a regional consultative platform for managing overseas employment and labor, includes 12 Asian member states like Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. India, a founding member, focuses on skills recognition and ethical recruitment. The UN’s International Organization for Migration supports this process.
Q 25.Recently, Pig liver transplanted into a living cancer patient for the first time in which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [China]
Notes: In a world first, Chinese doctors transplanted a gene-edited pig’s liver into a man with severe liver cancer, marking a milestone in xenotransplantation. According to the reports, the patient exhibited no hyper-acute or acute rejection, maintained normal coagulation, and had restored liver function. The patient could walk freely post-transplant, showcasing significant progress in animal-to-human organ transplants.
Notes: In a world first, Chinese doctors transplanted a gene-edited pig’s liver into a man with severe liver cancer, marking a milestone in xenotransplantation. According to the reports, the patient exhibited no hyper-acute or acute rejection, maintained normal coagulation, and had restored liver function. The patient could walk freely post-transplant, showcasing significant progress in animal-to-human organ transplants.
Q 26.Recently, India launched Biopharmaceutical Alliance with which countries?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [US, Japan and South Korea]
Notes: India, the US, South Korea, Japan, and the EU have formed a Biopharmaceuticals Alliance. The first meeting was in San Diego during the Bio International Convention 2024. Biopharmaceuticals, derived from living organisms, are set to comprise 50% of future medical drugs. The alliance aims to prevent drug shortages like those during the COVID-19 pandemic by diversifying and mapping the pharmaceutical supply chain, ensuring a resilient and sustainable system.
Notes: India, the US, South Korea, Japan, and the EU have formed a Biopharmaceuticals Alliance. The first meeting was in San Diego during the Bio International Convention 2024. Biopharmaceuticals, derived from living organisms, are set to comprise 50% of future medical drugs. The alliance aims to prevent drug shortages like those during the COVID-19 pandemic by diversifying and mapping the pharmaceutical supply chain, ensuring a resilient and sustainable system.
Q 27.Recently, which country’s former Prime Minister has been elected as the President of the upcoming 79th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Cameroon]
Notes: The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) elected Philemon Yang, the former Prime Minister of Cameroon, as the President of the 79th session of the UNGA. The session is scheduled to begin on Tuesday, September 10, 2024 and end on Tuesday, September 24, 2024 in New York City. Yang will hold the mainly ceremonial office for one year. UN Secretary-General António Guterres described Yang as a “proud African dedicated to the future of his continent” with a wealth of experience.
Notes: The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) elected Philemon Yang, the former Prime Minister of Cameroon, as the President of the 79th session of the UNGA. The session is scheduled to begin on Tuesday, September 10, 2024 and end on Tuesday, September 24, 2024 in New York City. Yang will hold the mainly ceremonial office for one year. UN Secretary-General António Guterres described Yang as a “proud African dedicated to the future of his continent” with a wealth of experience.
Q 28.Abu Musa, Greater Tunb and Lesser Tunb islands, recently seen in news, are small disputed islands between which two countries?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Iran and UAE]
Notes: Recently, Iran summoned China’s ambassador to protest a joint statement by China and the UAE about the sovereignty of Abu Musa, Greater Tunb, and Lesser Tunb islands. These disputed islands between Iran and UAE, located at the Strait of Hormuz entrance, were historically Persian but were occupied by Britain until 1971. Iran reclaimed them after British withdrawal, while the UAE asserts they belonged to Ras al-Khaimah before Iran’s takeover.
Notes: Recently, Iran summoned China’s ambassador to protest a joint statement by China and the UAE about the sovereignty of Abu Musa, Greater Tunb, and Lesser Tunb islands. These disputed islands between Iran and UAE, located at the Strait of Hormuz entrance, were historically Persian but were occupied by Britain until 1971. Iran reclaimed them after British withdrawal, while the UAE asserts they belonged to Ras al-Khaimah before Iran’s takeover.
Q 29.Recently, Cyril Ramaphosa has been re-elected as the President of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [South Africa]
Notes: Cyril Ramaphosa secured a second term as South Africa’s President on June 14, 2024, after a coalition deal between the ANC, Democratic Alliance (DA), and other smaller parties. The ANC, for the first time since 1996, failed to secure a parliamentary majority, obtaining only 40% of the votes in the May 29, 2024 election. Ramaphosa first became President on February 15, 2018. This marks South Africa’s second national unity government since Nelson Mandela in 1994.
Notes: Cyril Ramaphosa secured a second term as South Africa’s President on June 14, 2024, after a coalition deal between the ANC, Democratic Alliance (DA), and other smaller parties. The ANC, for the first time since 1996, failed to secure a parliamentary majority, obtaining only 40% of the votes in the May 29, 2024 election. Ramaphosa first became President on February 15, 2018. This marks South Africa’s second national unity government since Nelson Mandela in 1994.
Q 30.What is the primary purpose of the ‘Kafala System’, recently seen in news?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [To regulate relationships between employers and migrant workers]
Notes: A deadly fire in Kuwait claimed 49 lives, sparking scrutiny of the Kafala system. Introduced in the 1950s across West Asia, it binds migrant workers to employers who control their entry, employment changes, and exit from the country. This arrangement aimed to manage labor influx during economic booms but has faced criticism for exploitation and hindering workers’ rights to mobility and safety.
Notes: A deadly fire in Kuwait claimed 49 lives, sparking scrutiny of the Kafala system. Introduced in the 1950s across West Asia, it binds migrant workers to employers who control their entry, employment changes, and exit from the country. This arrangement aimed to manage labor influx during economic booms but has faced criticism for exploitation and hindering workers’ rights to mobility and safety.
Q 31.Recently, which country became the first in the world to start offering preemptive bird flu vaccinations to certain workers exposed to animals?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Finland]
Notes: Finland is the first country to offer preemptive bird flu vaccinations to specific workers exposed to animals. Vaccines will target workers at fur and poultry farms, lab technicians, veterinarians, and those in bird sanctuaries and animal by-product plants, aged 18 and over. Finland secured vaccines for 10,000 people through an EU procurement of 40 million doses from CSL Seqirus. Vaccinations start next week, following past bird flu outbreaks in fur farms.
Notes: Finland is the first country to offer preemptive bird flu vaccinations to specific workers exposed to animals. Vaccines will target workers at fur and poultry farms, lab technicians, veterinarians, and those in bird sanctuaries and animal by-product plants, aged 18 and over. Finland secured vaccines for 10,000 people through an EU procurement of 40 million doses from CSL Seqirus. Vaccinations start next week, following past bird flu outbreaks in fur farms.
Q 32.Recently, which country’s Navy has signed a deal with India’s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) for an 800-tonne ocean-going tug?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Bangladesh]
Notes: The Bangladesh Navy signed a significant deal with India’s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) for an 800-tonne ocean-going tug, part of a $500-million line of credit from India for defence equipment. The contract was finalized in Dhaka, witnessed by GRSE and Bangladesh Navy officials. Indian Navy Chief Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi’s visit to Bangladesh coincided with the deal, emphasizing bilateral defence ties and exploring new naval cooperation opportunities between the two countries.
Notes: The Bangladesh Navy signed a significant deal with India’s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) for an 800-tonne ocean-going tug, part of a $500-million line of credit from India for defence equipment. The contract was finalized in Dhaka, witnessed by GRSE and Bangladesh Navy officials. Indian Navy Chief Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi’s visit to Bangladesh coincided with the deal, emphasizing bilateral defence ties and exploring new naval cooperation opportunities between the two countries.
Q 33.Recently, the Philippines and which country boosted their defence ties by signing a reciprocal access agreement (RAA)?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Japan]
Notes: The Philippines and Japan signed a reciprocal access agreement (RAA) to enhance defense ties, focusing on regional stability amid tensions with China. The pact, easing equipment and troop entry for training and disaster response, is Japan’s first in Asia. Philippine and Japanese defense ministers highlighted the importance of cooperation against China’s assertive actions in the South China Sea. This agreement strengthens the defense relationship between two key U.S. allies in Asia.
Notes: The Philippines and Japan signed a reciprocal access agreement (RAA) to enhance defense ties, focusing on regional stability amid tensions with China. The pact, easing equipment and troop entry for training and disaster response, is Japan’s first in Asia. Philippine and Japanese defense ministers highlighted the importance of cooperation against China’s assertive actions in the South China Sea. This agreement strengthens the defense relationship between two key U.S. allies in Asia.
Q 34.Recently, India signed an agreement with which country to implement four Community Development Projects?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Marshall Islands]
Notes: External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar emphasized the long-standing friendly relations between India and the Marshall Islands during the MoU signing for Four Community Development Projects. He highlighted India’s responsibility to support Pacific Islands in sustainable development, addressing climate change, natural disasters, poverty alleviation, and healthcare. Dr. Jaishankar affirmed that the Pacific Islands are significant ocean countries and valued India’s partnership with them.
Notes: External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar emphasized the long-standing friendly relations between India and the Marshall Islands during the MoU signing for Four Community Development Projects. He highlighted India’s responsibility to support Pacific Islands in sustainable development, addressing climate change, natural disasters, poverty alleviation, and healthcare. Dr. Jaishankar affirmed that the Pacific Islands are significant ocean countries and valued India’s partnership with them.
Q 35.Recently, Gitanas Nausėda has been elected as the President of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Lithuania]
Notes: Lithuanian President Gitanas Nausėda was sworn in for a second five-year term, taking the presidential oath at the Lithuanian parliament, Seimas. The 60-year-old economist proposed increasing Lithuania’s defense budget to 4% of GDP to fund long-range air defense, a missile shield for the Baltic Sea coast, and border fortifications.
Notes: Lithuanian President Gitanas Nausėda was sworn in for a second five-year term, taking the presidential oath at the Lithuanian parliament, Seimas. The 60-year-old economist proposed increasing Lithuania’s defense budget to 4% of GDP to fund long-range air defense, a missile shield for the Baltic Sea coast, and border fortifications.
Q 36.Recently, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar inaugurated India’s first overseas Jan Aushadi Kendra in which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Mauritius]
Notes: External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar inaugurated India’s first overseas Jan Aushadi Kendra in Mauritius, joined by Prime Minister Pravind Kumar Jugnauth. This project aims to provide affordable, Made-in-India medicines, enhancing healthcare in Mauritius. Jaishankar also inaugurated a Mediclinic in Grand Bois village, funded by Indian assistance, offering secondary healthcare to 16,000 residents. These initiatives underscore India’s commitment to health and people-centric policies under PM Modi’s leadership.
Notes: External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar inaugurated India’s first overseas Jan Aushadi Kendra in Mauritius, joined by Prime Minister Pravind Kumar Jugnauth. This project aims to provide affordable, Made-in-India medicines, enhancing healthcare in Mauritius. Jaishankar also inaugurated a Mediclinic in Grand Bois village, funded by Indian assistance, offering secondary healthcare to 16,000 residents. These initiatives underscore India’s commitment to health and people-centric policies under PM Modi’s leadership.
Q 37.Recently, which country has imposed a comprehensive ban on the export of weapons and defence-related items to India?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Turkey]
Notes: Relations between Turkey and India have deteriorated, leading Turkey to ban military equipment exports to India, a major arms purchaser. This decision follows India’s cancellation of a shipbuilding contract with a Turkish company. Although not publicly announced, the ban was revealed during a closed Foreign Affairs Committee debate in the Turkish Parliament on July 10, 2024, by Mustafa Murat Seker, Vice President of Turkey’s top arms procurement agency, SSB.
Notes: Relations between Turkey and India have deteriorated, leading Turkey to ban military equipment exports to India, a major arms purchaser. This decision follows India’s cancellation of a shipbuilding contract with a Turkish company. Although not publicly announced, the ban was revealed during a closed Foreign Affairs Committee debate in the Turkish Parliament on July 10, 2024, by Mustafa Murat Seker, Vice President of Turkey’s top arms procurement agency, SSB.
Q 38.Recently, which two countries are planning to establish a Joint Crediting Mechanism for carbon trading and credit adjustment through a Memorandum of Cooperation?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [India and Japan]
Notes: India and Japan are planning to establish a Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) for carbon trading and credit adjustment through a Memorandum of Cooperation (MOC). The JCM will be created under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement and will aim to reduce emissions, promote low-carbon technologies, and encourage economic growth. The JCM will also facilitate the sharing of emission reduction credits, the spread of decarbonizing technologies, and the implementation of mitigation actions.
Notes: India and Japan are planning to establish a Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) for carbon trading and credit adjustment through a Memorandum of Cooperation (MOC). The JCM will be created under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement and will aim to reduce emissions, promote low-carbon technologies, and encourage economic growth. The JCM will also facilitate the sharing of emission reduction credits, the spread of decarbonizing technologies, and the implementation of mitigation actions.
Q 39.Recently, archaeologists have unearthed a terracotta pipeline at which Sangam Era site in Tamil Nadu?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Keeladi]
Notes: Archaeologists have discovered a terracotta pipeline during the 10th phase of excavation at Keeladi, a Sangam Era site in Tamil Nadu. This find highlights advanced water management practices from over 2,600 years ago. Keeladi, located near Madurai, has revealed over 20,000 artifacts, suggesting the Sangam Era began around 600 BCE, earlier than previously thought. Additional discoveries include rice husks from 3,200 years ago and evidence of early iron technology.
Notes: Archaeologists have discovered a terracotta pipeline during the 10th phase of excavation at Keeladi, a Sangam Era site in Tamil Nadu. This find highlights advanced water management practices from over 2,600 years ago. Keeladi, located near Madurai, has revealed over 20,000 artifacts, suggesting the Sangam Era began around 600 BCE, earlier than previously thought. Additional discoveries include rice husks from 3,200 years ago and evidence of early iron technology.
Q 40.Marshyangdi River, recently in the news, is a mountain river in which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Nepal]
Notes: A bus carrying Indian tourists recently fell 150 meters into the Marsyangdi River in Nepal, killing at least 14 people and injuring 16 others. The Marsyangdi River is a 150 km long mountain river in Nepal. It is a major tributary of the Gandaki River, which joins the Ganga River in India. The river originates from the northern slopes of the Annapurna massif. It flows through rugged Himalayan landscapes, known for its fast currents and deep gorges. The river is popular for white water rafting and kayaking. It supports hydropower projects and is known for snow trout.
Notes: A bus carrying Indian tourists recently fell 150 meters into the Marsyangdi River in Nepal, killing at least 14 people and injuring 16 others. The Marsyangdi River is a 150 km long mountain river in Nepal. It is a major tributary of the Gandaki River, which joins the Ganga River in India. The river originates from the northern slopes of the Annapurna massif. It flows through rugged Himalayan landscapes, known for its fast currents and deep gorges. The river is popular for white water rafting and kayaking. It supports hydropower projects and is known for snow trout.
Q 41.Recently, which country has assumed the Chair of Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre (APDC) for 2024-25?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [India]
Notes: India assumed the chairmanship of the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) for 2024-25 on July 25, 2024, in Bangkok, Thailand, taking over from China. Rajendra Singh, Head of the National Disaster Management Authority, represents India. As chairman, he also chaired the 5th Board of Trustee meeting of the ADPC. Established in 1986, ADPC is a non-profit regional organization promoting disaster risk reduction and climate resilience in Asia and the Pacific. It addresses the impacts of natural hazards and climate change, supporting global initiatives on climate and urban resilience. Founding members include China, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Notes: India assumed the chairmanship of the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) for 2024-25 on July 25, 2024, in Bangkok, Thailand, taking over from China. Rajendra Singh, Head of the National Disaster Management Authority, represents India. As chairman, he also chaired the 5th Board of Trustee meeting of the ADPC. Established in 1986, ADPC is a non-profit regional organization promoting disaster risk reduction and climate resilience in Asia and the Pacific. It addresses the impacts of natural hazards and climate change, supporting global initiatives on climate and urban resilience. Founding members include China, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Q 42.What is ‘Wagner Group’, recently mentioned in the news?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Russian paramilitary organization]
Notes: Russia’s Wagner mercenary group reported severe losses, including a commander, in battles with separatist forces in northeast Mali. Wagner, a private military company founded by Yevgeny Prigozhin and Dmitry Utkin, emerged in 2014 during Russia’s annexation of Crimea and operates in several countries including Syria, Libya, and Mali. Despite being technically illegal in Russia, it registered as a “private military company” in 2022.
Notes: Russia’s Wagner mercenary group reported severe losses, including a commander, in battles with separatist forces in northeast Mali. Wagner, a private military company founded by Yevgeny Prigozhin and Dmitry Utkin, emerged in 2014 during Russia’s annexation of Crimea and operates in several countries including Syria, Libya, and Mali. Despite being technically illegal in Russia, it registered as a “private military company” in 2022.
Q 43.Recently, archaeologists have unearthed a terracotta pipeline at which Sangam Era site in Tamil Nadu?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Keeladi]
Notes: Archaeologists have discovered a terracotta pipeline during the 10th phase of excavation at Keeladi, a Sangam Era site in Tamil Nadu. This find highlights advanced water management practices from over 2,600 years ago. Keeladi, located near Madurai, has revealed over 20,000 artifacts, suggesting the Sangam Era began around 600 BCE, earlier than previously thought. Additional discoveries include rice husks from 3,200 years ago and evidence of early iron technology.
Notes: Archaeologists have discovered a terracotta pipeline during the 10th phase of excavation at Keeladi, a Sangam Era site in Tamil Nadu. This find highlights advanced water management practices from over 2,600 years ago. Keeladi, located near Madurai, has revealed over 20,000 artifacts, suggesting the Sangam Era began around 600 BCE, earlier than previously thought. Additional discoveries include rice husks from 3,200 years ago and evidence of early iron technology.
Q 44.Recently, who has been appointed as the chief adviser to Bangladesh’s interim government?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Muhammad Yunus]
Notes: Muhammad Yunus, 2006 Nobel Peace Prize winner, has been appointed chief adviser to Bangladesh’s interim government following Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s resignation amid protests. Yunus, born in 1940, is an economist known for pioneering microcredit through Grameen Bank, founded in 1983. The bank has loaned over $34 billion to nearly 10 million people, with a 97% repayment rate, inspiring global microfinance initiatives. Yunus’s appointment aims to address unrest over government job quotas.
Notes: Muhammad Yunus, 2006 Nobel Peace Prize winner, has been appointed chief adviser to Bangladesh’s interim government following Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s resignation amid protests. Yunus, born in 1940, is an economist known for pioneering microcredit through Grameen Bank, founded in 1983. The bank has loaned over $34 billion to nearly 10 million people, with a 97% repayment rate, inspiring global microfinance initiatives. Yunus’s appointment aims to address unrest over government job quotas.
Q 45.Recently, Paetongtarn Shinawatra became the youngest prime minister of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Thailand]
Notes: Paetongtarn Shinawatra, 37, became Thailand’s youngest prime minister after Srettha Thavisin was dismissed. She is the third member of the Shinawatra family, after her father and aunt, to hold the position. Paetongtarn won 319 votes in the parliamentary vote, showing strong legislative support. Despite her family’s political influence, she faces challenges like a struggling economy and political competition. Her party, Pheu Thai, is also under pressure with a pending $14.25 billion cash handout program.
Notes: Paetongtarn Shinawatra, 37, became Thailand’s youngest prime minister after Srettha Thavisin was dismissed. She is the third member of the Shinawatra family, after her father and aunt, to hold the position. Paetongtarn won 319 votes in the parliamentary vote, showing strong legislative support. Despite her family’s political influence, she faces challenges like a struggling economy and political competition. Her party, Pheu Thai, is also under pressure with a pending $14.25 billion cash handout program.
Q 46.Colorado River, recently seen in the news, is a major river of which continent?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [North America]
Notes: Arizona, Nevada, and Mexico will face continued water cuts from the Colorado River next year due to ongoing challenges.The Colorado River is crucial for the U.S. West, supplying water to 40 million people, cities, farms, and producing hydropower. Overuse, rising temperatures, and drought have reduced water flow in the river. Arizona will lose 18% of its water allocation, Mexico 5%, and Nevada 7%. The Colorado River is a major river of North America. It originates in the Rocky Mountains and flows through several U.S. states and into Mexico, draining into the Gulf of California. The river’s most famous landmark is the Grand Canyon, and it includes the Hoover Dam and Lake Mead.
Notes: Arizona, Nevada, and Mexico will face continued water cuts from the Colorado River next year due to ongoing challenges.The Colorado River is crucial for the U.S. West, supplying water to 40 million people, cities, farms, and producing hydropower. Overuse, rising temperatures, and drought have reduced water flow in the river. Arizona will lose 18% of its water allocation, Mexico 5%, and Nevada 7%. The Colorado River is a major river of North America. It originates in the Rocky Mountains and flows through several U.S. states and into Mexico, draining into the Gulf of California. The river’s most famous landmark is the Grand Canyon, and it includes the Hoover Dam and Lake Mead.
Q 47.Which country recently implemented a ‘Right to Disconnect’ law?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Australia]
Notes: Australia has introduced a “Right to Disconnect” rule to help employees avoid work-related communications outside of their regular hours. This law allows workers to ignore calls and messages from employers after work without facing punishment. While employers can still contact employees after hours, the law ensures that employees are not obligated to respond unless their refusal is deemed unreasonable. India does not have similar laws, leaving employees there more exposed to pressure to work beyond their regular hours.
Notes: Australia has introduced a “Right to Disconnect” rule to help employees avoid work-related communications outside of their regular hours. This law allows workers to ignore calls and messages from employers after work without facing punishment. While employers can still contact employees after hours, the law ensures that employees are not obligated to respond unless their refusal is deemed unreasonable. India does not have similar laws, leaving employees there more exposed to pressure to work beyond their regular hours.
Q 48.Recently, where was the third edition of Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting between India and Kenya held?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [New Delhi]
Notes: The third Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting between India and Kenya was held in New Delhi. Discussions covered military cooperation, training, defence industries, and research and development. The Kenyan delegation met Indian defence industry representatives in Delhi and will visit Pune to explore their capabilities. India and Kenya share a longstanding, friendly relationship, strengthened by a 2016 MoU on Defence Cooperation. JDCC serves as a key platform to discuss and enhance defence ties. The Indian delegation was led by Joint Secretary Amitabh Prasad, and the Kenyan side was led by Major General David Kipkemboi Ketter.
Notes: The third Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting between India and Kenya was held in New Delhi. Discussions covered military cooperation, training, defence industries, and research and development. The Kenyan delegation met Indian defence industry representatives in Delhi and will visit Pune to explore their capabilities. India and Kenya share a longstanding, friendly relationship, strengthened by a 2016 MoU on Defence Cooperation. JDCC serves as a key platform to discuss and enhance defence ties. The Indian delegation was led by Joint Secretary Amitabh Prasad, and the Kenyan side was led by Major General David Kipkemboi Ketter.
Q 49.Bedouin community, recently seen in the news, belongs to which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Israel]
Notes: The rescue of Qaid Farhan Alkadi, a Bedouin hostage from Gaza, has highlighted the Bedouin community in Israel. The Bedouins are part of Israel’s Arab minority, making up about 20% of the population. Though they hold Israeli citizenship, Bedouins face unique socio-economic challenges. Traditionally nomadic, modern pressures and state policies have affected their way of life, leading to marginalization. The Bedouin community primarily resides in the Negev Desert, which has harsh living conditions and is a center of land and resource conflicts.
Notes: The rescue of Qaid Farhan Alkadi, a Bedouin hostage from Gaza, has highlighted the Bedouin community in Israel. The Bedouins are part of Israel’s Arab minority, making up about 20% of the population. Though they hold Israeli citizenship, Bedouins face unique socio-economic challenges. Traditionally nomadic, modern pressures and state policies have affected their way of life, leading to marginalization. The Bedouin community primarily resides in the Negev Desert, which has harsh living conditions and is a center of land and resource conflicts.
Q 50.Fath-360 Missile, recently seen in the news, is developed by which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Iran]
Notes: Iran has delivered short-range ballistic missiles, including the Fath-360, to Russia, as reported by The Wall Street Journal. The Fath-360 is a precise and mobile Iranian SRBM designed for tactical strikes on military and infrastructure targets. It weighs 787 kilograms and travels at speeds of Mach 3 to 4. Equipped with a solid-fuel engine, it enables rapid deployment with a range of 120 to 300 kilometers. It carries a 150-kilogram warhead and is difficult to intercept due to its small, maneuverable design. The missile uses an inertial guidance system and satellite navigation for 30-meter accuracy. The Fath-360 is launched from a truck-mounted system capable of deploying multiple missiles.
Notes: Iran has delivered short-range ballistic missiles, including the Fath-360, to Russia, as reported by The Wall Street Journal. The Fath-360 is a precise and mobile Iranian SRBM designed for tactical strikes on military and infrastructure targets. It weighs 787 kilograms and travels at speeds of Mach 3 to 4. Equipped with a solid-fuel engine, it enables rapid deployment with a range of 120 to 300 kilometers. It carries a 150-kilogram warhead and is difficult to intercept due to its small, maneuverable design. The missile uses an inertial guidance system and satellite navigation for 30-meter accuracy. The Fath-360 is launched from a truck-mounted system capable of deploying multiple missiles.
Q 51.Which country recently announced free cancer treatment for children under 14 in designated public hospitals?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Nepal]
Notes: The Nepal government has announced provide free cancer treatment to children under 14 in designated public hospitals.This initiative is effective from November 16 and aims to ease the financial burden on parents. Treatment can be accessed at Kanti Children Hospital, Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, and BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital. If government funds are insufficient, the Ministry will arrange additional funding from internal sources. In 2022, Nepal reported 22,000 new cancer patients, with cancer causing 11% of deaths, and around 1,500 children are diagnosed with cancer each year.
Notes: The Nepal government has announced provide free cancer treatment to children under 14 in designated public hospitals.This initiative is effective from November 16 and aims to ease the financial burden on parents. Treatment can be accessed at Kanti Children Hospital, Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, and BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital. If government funds are insufficient, the Ministry will arrange additional funding from internal sources. In 2022, Nepal reported 22,000 new cancer patients, with cancer causing 11% of deaths, and around 1,500 children are diagnosed with cancer each year.
Q 52.Taiwan established Taipei Economic and Cultural Centre (TECC) in which city of India?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Mumbai]
Notes: China opposes Taiwan’s establishment of the Taipei Economic and Cultural Centre (TECC) in Mumbai. This is Taiwan’s third office in India, following openings in New Delhi in 1995 and Chennai in 2012. India and Taiwan set up representative offices in 1993: the India-Taipei Association in Taipei and TECC in New Delhi. Other countries like the US, Australia, and Russia have similar centers for visa services and cultural exchanges. China claims Taiwan as part of its territory and considers the PRC the sole legitimate government. India officially recognizes the PRC but does not recognize Taiwan.
Notes: China opposes Taiwan’s establishment of the Taipei Economic and Cultural Centre (TECC) in Mumbai. This is Taiwan’s third office in India, following openings in New Delhi in 1995 and Chennai in 2012. India and Taiwan set up representative offices in 1993: the India-Taipei Association in Taipei and TECC in New Delhi. Other countries like the US, Australia, and Russia have similar centers for visa services and cultural exchanges. China claims Taiwan as part of its territory and considers the PRC the sole legitimate government. India officially recognizes the PRC but does not recognize Taiwan.
Q 53.Which Indian agency has been included in the Steering Committee of the Asset Recovery Interagency Network-Asia Pacific (ARIN-AP)?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Directorate of Enforcement (ED)]
Notes: India’s Directorate of Enforcement (ED) has joined the Steering Committee of the Asset Recovery Interagency Network-Asia Pacific (ARIN-AP). ARIN-AP is a major network focused on tracking and recovering criminal proceeds across the Asia-Pacific region. It enhances cross-border cooperation in tracing, freezing, and confiscating assets linked to crime. With 28 member jurisdictions and nine observers, ARIN-AP serves as a vital, informal framework for intelligence sharing. The network, part of the broader CARIN Network, helps law enforcement quickly access information on assets, aiding in efficient crime proceeds recovery across more than 100 countries.
Notes: India’s Directorate of Enforcement (ED) has joined the Steering Committee of the Asset Recovery Interagency Network-Asia Pacific (ARIN-AP). ARIN-AP is a major network focused on tracking and recovering criminal proceeds across the Asia-Pacific region. It enhances cross-border cooperation in tracing, freezing, and confiscating assets linked to crime. With 28 member jurisdictions and nine observers, ARIN-AP serves as a vital, informal framework for intelligence sharing. The network, part of the broader CARIN Network, helps law enforcement quickly access information on assets, aiding in efficient crime proceeds recovery across more than 100 countries.
Q 54.Recently, Maia Sandu has been elected as the president of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Moldova]
Notes: Pro-Western President Maia Sandu was re-elected in Moldova with 55.26% of the vote, defeating Alexandr Stoianoglo of the pro-Russian Party of Socialists by over 10 percentage points. Sandu gained strong support from Moldovans abroad, helping her secure victory, though she narrowly lost within Moldova itself. The election saw incidents, including bomb threats at four diaspora polling stations where Sandu had significant backing. Russian foreign ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova criticized the election as “undemocratic.”
Notes: Pro-Western President Maia Sandu was re-elected in Moldova with 55.26% of the vote, defeating Alexandr Stoianoglo of the pro-Russian Party of Socialists by over 10 percentage points. Sandu gained strong support from Moldovans abroad, helping her secure victory, though she narrowly lost within Moldova itself. The election saw incidents, including bomb threats at four diaspora polling stations where Sandu had significant backing. Russian foreign ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova criticized the election as “undemocratic.”
Q 55.The Gelephu ‘Mindfulness City’ project has been initiated by which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Bhutan]
Notes: Bhutan plans to build the “Gelephu Mindfulness City” (GMC) with a $100 million bond issue to fund the project. The city will focus on mindfulness, green spaces, eco-tourism, and promoting walking and cycling. It will span over 2,500 sq km and connect South Asia with Southeast Asia, with separate rules and laws. GMC will offer space for businesses in finance, tourism, green energy, technology, healthcare, and more. The bond will raise funds for infrastructure, green energy, and connectivity. The project aims to attract investment, create jobs, and redefine Bhutan’s economic landscape.
Notes: Bhutan plans to build the “Gelephu Mindfulness City” (GMC) with a $100 million bond issue to fund the project. The city will focus on mindfulness, green spaces, eco-tourism, and promoting walking and cycling. It will span over 2,500 sq km and connect South Asia with Southeast Asia, with separate rules and laws. GMC will offer space for businesses in finance, tourism, green energy, technology, healthcare, and more. The bond will raise funds for infrastructure, green energy, and connectivity. The project aims to attract investment, create jobs, and redefine Bhutan’s economic landscape.
Q 56.Navin Ramgoolam has been elected as prime minister of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Mauritius]
Notes: Navin Ramgoolam was sworn in as Mauritius’ Prime Minister for a fourth term after a decade, following his Alliance du Changement coalition’s election victory. The coalition won 60 out of 62 national assembly seats with 62.6% of the vote in the November 10 election. Ramgoolam took his oath at State House, attended by lawmakers, diplomats, and civil servants. In 2006, he launched reforms to reduce bureaucracy and diversify Mauritius’ economy, which has grown as an African-Asian financial hub.
Notes: Navin Ramgoolam was sworn in as Mauritius’ Prime Minister for a fourth term after a decade, following his Alliance du Changement coalition’s election victory. The coalition won 60 out of 62 national assembly seats with 62.6% of the vote in the November 10 election. Ramgoolam took his oath at State House, attended by lawmakers, diplomats, and civil servants. In 2006, he launched reforms to reduce bureaucracy and diversify Mauritius’ economy, which has grown as an African-Asian financial hub.
Q 57.Where was the first overseas campus of ‘Symbiosis International University’ inaugurated recently?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Dubai]
Notes: External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar inaugurated Symbiosis International University’s first overseas campus at Dubai Knowledge Park. UAE’s Minister of Tolerance, Sheikh Nahyan, attended the event, highlighting the strong Indo-UAE ties. The campus, fully accredited by UAE’s Ministry of Education, offers programs in management, technology, and media, focusing on 21st-century skills. This initiative aligns with India’s National Education Policy 2020, encouraging global expansion of Indian institutions. The campus supports UAE’s goal of a knowledge-based economy and Dubai’s Economic Agenda 33. This development enhances educational cooperation and supports Dubai’s diverse expatriate community, which forms 85% of its population.
Notes: External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar inaugurated Symbiosis International University’s first overseas campus at Dubai Knowledge Park. UAE’s Minister of Tolerance, Sheikh Nahyan, attended the event, highlighting the strong Indo-UAE ties. The campus, fully accredited by UAE’s Ministry of Education, offers programs in management, technology, and media, focusing on 21st-century skills. This initiative aligns with India’s National Education Policy 2020, encouraging global expansion of Indian institutions. The campus supports UAE’s goal of a knowledge-based economy and Dubai’s Economic Agenda 33. This development enhances educational cooperation and supports Dubai’s diverse expatriate community, which forms 85% of its population.
Q 58.Super typhoon Man-yi has hit which country recently?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Philippines]
Notes: Typhoon Man-yi was among six major storms to hit northern Philippines in a month. It had powerful winds reaching 195 km/h (125 mph) and struck Catanduanes province. The typhoon left at least three villagers missing, destroyed houses, and caused widespread power outages. Entire towns lost power, and many villagers were displaced. Man-yi worsened the crisis already caused by five earlier storms.
Notes: Typhoon Man-yi was among six major storms to hit northern Philippines in a month. It had powerful winds reaching 195 km/h (125 mph) and struck Catanduanes province. The typhoon left at least three villagers missing, destroyed houses, and caused widespread power outages. Entire towns lost power, and many villagers were displaced. Man-yi worsened the crisis already caused by five earlier storms.
Q 59.El Cajas National Park, which was seen in the news, is located in which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Ecuador]
Notes: El Cajas National Park in Ecuador’s highlands near Cuenca is severely affected by wildfires due to a prolonged drought. The Ecuadorian government declared a 60-day national emergency to combat forest fires threatening the park’s ecology and water resources. The park spans 285.44 km², with altitudes ranging from 3100m to 4450m, and was declared a National Park on November 5, 1996. It features páramo vegetation, jagged hills, valleys, and 270 lakes, with Luspa as the largest. Rivers Tomebamba and Yanuncay originate here, feeding the Amazon Basin and draining to the Pacific.
Notes: El Cajas National Park in Ecuador’s highlands near Cuenca is severely affected by wildfires due to a prolonged drought. The Ecuadorian government declared a 60-day national emergency to combat forest fires threatening the park’s ecology and water resources. The park spans 285.44 km², with altitudes ranging from 3100m to 4450m, and was declared a National Park on November 5, 1996. It features páramo vegetation, jagged hills, valleys, and 270 lakes, with Luspa as the largest. Rivers Tomebamba and Yanuncay originate here, feeding the Amazon Basin and draining to the Pacific.
Q 60.Recently, the International Criminal Court issued arrest warrants for the Prime Minister of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Israel]
Notes: The International Criminal Court (ICC) issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, a former Defence Minister, and Hamas officials for alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity. The ICC is the only permanent international criminal tribunal, established by the Rome Statute on 17 July 1998. The Rome Statute defines the ICC’s jurisdiction, structures, and functions, coming into force on 1 July 2002. The ICC investigates and tries individuals accused of grave crimes like genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and aggression.
Notes: The International Criminal Court (ICC) issued arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, a former Defence Minister, and Hamas officials for alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity. The ICC is the only permanent international criminal tribunal, established by the Rome Statute on 17 July 1998. The Rome Statute defines the ICC’s jurisdiction, structures, and functions, coming into force on 1 July 2002. The ICC investigates and tries individuals accused of grave crimes like genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and aggression.
Q 61.Where was the first overseas campus of ‘Symbiosis International University’ inaugurated recently?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Dubai]
Notes: External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar inaugurated Symbiosis International University’s first overseas campus at Dubai Knowledge Park. UAE’s Minister of Tolerance, Sheikh Nahyan, attended the event, highlighting the strong Indo-UAE ties. The campus, fully accredited by UAE’s Ministry of Education, offers programs in management, technology, and media, focusing on 21st-century skills. This initiative aligns with India’s National Education Policy 2020, encouraging global expansion of Indian institutions. The campus supports UAE’s goal of a knowledge-based economy and Dubai’s Economic Agenda 33. This development enhances educational cooperation and supports Dubai’s diverse expatriate community, which forms 85% of its population.
Notes: External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar inaugurated Symbiosis International University’s first overseas campus at Dubai Knowledge Park. UAE’s Minister of Tolerance, Sheikh Nahyan, attended the event, highlighting the strong Indo-UAE ties. The campus, fully accredited by UAE’s Ministry of Education, offers programs in management, technology, and media, focusing on 21st-century skills. This initiative aligns with India’s National Education Policy 2020, encouraging global expansion of Indian institutions. The campus supports UAE’s goal of a knowledge-based economy and Dubai’s Economic Agenda 33. This development enhances educational cooperation and supports Dubai’s diverse expatriate community, which forms 85% of its population.
Q 62.Recently, which country has approved a new constitution through a referendum?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Gabon]
Notes: Gabon held a referendum to approve a new constitution with major reforms. The constitution introduces a 2-term presidential limit, each term lasting 7 years. It abolishes the position of prime minister and bans family succession to the presidency. Ousted leader Ali Bongo is disqualified from running due to nationality and spouse-related rules. The reforms received overwhelming support, with 91.8% of voters in favor.
Notes: Gabon held a referendum to approve a new constitution with major reforms. The constitution introduces a 2-term presidential limit, each term lasting 7 years. It abolishes the position of prime minister and bans family succession to the presidency. Ousted leader Ali Bongo is disqualified from running due to nationality and spouse-related rules. The reforms received overwhelming support, with 91.8% of voters in favor.
Q 63.Which country has introduced a bill that aims to ban social media access for children under 16 years of age?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Australia]
Notes: The Australian government has introduced a bill that aims to ban social media access for children under 16 years of age. This legislation requires platforms like TikTok and Facebook to implement age verification measures. Communications Minister Michelle Rowland emphasized the need for social media companies to take responsibility for user safety, citing concerns about the mental health impacts on children. This reform is seen as one of the strictest globally regarding social media access for minors.
Notes: The Australian government has introduced a bill that aims to ban social media access for children under 16 years of age. This legislation requires platforms like TikTok and Facebook to implement age verification measures. Communications Minister Michelle Rowland emphasized the need for social media companies to take responsibility for user safety, citing concerns about the mental health impacts on children. This reform is seen as one of the strictest globally regarding social media access for minors.
Q 64.Yamandu Orsi has been elected as the new President of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Uruguay]
Notes: Yamandú Orsi, a left-wing politician and former mayor, won Uruguay’s presidential election, marking a return of the centre-left government after five years of conservative leadership. Supported by former president José Mujica, Orsi emphasizes environmental policies, social inclusion, and a balanced approach to economic growth.
Notes: Yamandú Orsi, a left-wing politician and former mayor, won Uruguay’s presidential election, marking a return of the centre-left government after five years of conservative leadership. Supported by former president José Mujica, Orsi emphasizes environmental policies, social inclusion, and a balanced approach to economic growth.
Q 65.Homo juluensis, a new ancient human species, was discovered in which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [China]
Notes: Researchers discovered a new ancient human species named Homo juluensis, meaning “big head,” based on a large skull found in China. The species lived 300,000 years ago, surviving in small groups across eastern Asia before vanishing 50,000 years ago. Homo juluensis includes links to mysterious groups like the Denisovans. Fossils show facial and jaw features similar to Neanderthals and braincases 30% larger than modern humans. They hunted wild horses, made stone tools, and possibly processed animal hides for survival.
Notes: Researchers discovered a new ancient human species named Homo juluensis, meaning “big head,” based on a large skull found in China. The species lived 300,000 years ago, surviving in small groups across eastern Asia before vanishing 50,000 years ago. Homo juluensis includes links to mysterious groups like the Denisovans. Fossils show facial and jaw features similar to Neanderthals and braincases 30% larger than modern humans. They hunted wild horses, made stone tools, and possibly processed animal hides for survival.
Q 66.Which country has been chosen to Chair the 68th Session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND)?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [India]
Notes: India has been chosen to chair the 68th Session of the UN’s Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND). Ambassador Shambhu S Kumaran, India’s Permanent Representative to the UN in Vienna, has officially assumed the role. CND is the main policy-making body for global drug-related issues under the UN. It monitors global drug trends, supports balanced policy-making, and oversees major drug conventions. CND operates under the UN Economic and Social Council and governs the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). This is India’s first time chairing the CND, showcasing its growing leadership and commitment to global issues.
Notes: India has been chosen to chair the 68th Session of the UN’s Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND). Ambassador Shambhu S Kumaran, India’s Permanent Representative to the UN in Vienna, has officially assumed the role. CND is the main policy-making body for global drug-related issues under the UN. It monitors global drug trends, supports balanced policy-making, and oversees major drug conventions. CND operates under the UN Economic and Social Council and governs the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). This is India’s first time chairing the CND, showcasing its growing leadership and commitment to global issues.
Q 67.Rimtalba Jean Emmanuel Ouedraogo has been appointed as the Prime Minister of which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Burkina Faso ]
Notes: Burkina Faso’s military junta appointed Rimtalba Jean Emmanuel Ouedraogo as the new Prime Minister after dissolving the government without explanation. The junta, led by Ibrahim Traore, dismissed former Prime Minister Apollinaire Joachim Kyelem de Tambela via a presidential decree. The junta seized power in September 2022, ousting Lt. Col. Paul Henri Sandaogo Damiba, who had removed President Roch Marc Kaboré earlier. Burkina Faso faces severe security challenges, with extremist attacks displacing over 2 million people and leaving half the territory outside government control.
Notes: Burkina Faso’s military junta appointed Rimtalba Jean Emmanuel Ouedraogo as the new Prime Minister after dissolving the government without explanation. The junta, led by Ibrahim Traore, dismissed former Prime Minister Apollinaire Joachim Kyelem de Tambela via a presidential decree. The junta seized power in September 2022, ousting Lt. Col. Paul Henri Sandaogo Damiba, who had removed President Roch Marc Kaboré earlier. Burkina Faso faces severe security challenges, with extremist attacks displacing over 2 million people and leaving half the territory outside government control.
Q 68.Which country became the 12th member of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [United Kingdom]
Notes: United Kingdom became the 12th member of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), its largest trade deal since Brexit. The agreement now includes 12 countries: Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, Vietnam, and United Kingdom. The CPTPP is a free-trade agreement (FTA) between countries around the Pacific Rim. The CPTPP aims to boost economic cooperation across the Pacific. Members reduce tariffs, open markets for services and investments, and set rules on competition, intellectual property, and foreign company protection.
Notes: United Kingdom became the 12th member of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), its largest trade deal since Brexit. The agreement now includes 12 countries: Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, Vietnam, and United Kingdom. The CPTPP is a free-trade agreement (FTA) between countries around the Pacific Rim. The CPTPP aims to boost economic cooperation across the Pacific. Members reduce tariffs, open markets for services and investments, and set rules on competition, intellectual property, and foreign company protection.
Q 69.Which country recently passed the “Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Bill 2024”?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Australia]
Notes: Australia’s House of Representatives passed the “Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Bill, 2024,” requiring social media platforms to prevent children under 16 from creating accounts. Excessive social media use can lead to loneliness, depression, anxiety, reduced attention spans, and cyberbullying. Globally, China proposed minors’ modes for mobile internet in 2023. The US enforces COPPA (1998), requiring parental consent for children under 13. France mandates parental authorization for children under 15 on social networks.
Notes: Australia’s House of Representatives passed the “Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Bill, 2024,” requiring social media platforms to prevent children under 16 from creating accounts. Excessive social media use can lead to loneliness, depression, anxiety, reduced attention spans, and cyberbullying. Globally, China proposed minors’ modes for mobile internet in 2023. The US enforces COPPA (1998), requiring parental consent for children under 13. France mandates parental authorization for children under 15 on social networks.
Q 70.Which country has recently hosted Chitwan Elephant Festival to promote tourism?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Nepal]
Notes: The 18th Chitwan Elephant Festival was held at Chitwan National Park in Kathmandu, Nepal, from December 26-30, 2024. The festival aims to promote tourism and attracts many tourists with events like elephant parades, a beauty contest, football, and a picnic. More than 80 elephants, from private and government-run facilities, participated this year. The elephant football competition, featuring penalty shootouts, was a highlight, with elephants like Champakali, Basnatikali, and Ramkali thrilling audiences. Elephant polo was excluded this year in response to animal rights concerns.
Notes: The 18th Chitwan Elephant Festival was held at Chitwan National Park in Kathmandu, Nepal, from December 26-30, 2024. The festival aims to promote tourism and attracts many tourists with events like elephant parades, a beauty contest, football, and a picnic. More than 80 elephants, from private and government-run facilities, participated this year. The elephant football competition, featuring penalty shootouts, was a highlight, with elephants like Champakali, Basnatikali, and Ramkali thrilling audiences. Elephant polo was excluded this year in response to animal rights concerns.
Q 71.Which country has introduced a new ‘Tourism tax’ in January 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Russia]
Notes: Russia has introduced a new tourist tax, replacing the previous resort fee, effective today. Travelers will pay an additional 1% of their lodging costs to support regional tourism infrastructure. The tax was added to the Russian Tax Code in July 2024 under a new chapter, “Tourist Tax.” Regional authorities can implement the tax as a local levy, with many regions already adopting it. The tax starts at 1% in 2025 and will increase to 3% by 2027.
Notes: Russia has introduced a new tourist tax, replacing the previous resort fee, effective today. Travelers will pay an additional 1% of their lodging costs to support regional tourism infrastructure. The tax was added to the Russian Tax Code in July 2024 under a new chapter, “Tourist Tax.” Regional authorities can implement the tax as a local levy, with many regions already adopting it. The tax starts at 1% in 2025 and will increase to 3% by 2027.
Q 72.Which country has launched the Rural Community Immigration Class (RCIC Scheme)?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Canada]
Notes: Canada announced that the Post-Graduate Work Permits (PGWPs) of 7.66 lakh international students will expire by the end of next year. The Rural Community Immigration Class (RCIC) scheme offers a pathway for foreign nationals and students. It is launched by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) in December 2024. The program aims to address labor shortages and encourage development in smaller rural communities. The scheme targets individuals willing to settle long-term in these areas to promote growth and address local workforce needs.
Notes: Canada announced that the Post-Graduate Work Permits (PGWPs) of 7.66 lakh international students will expire by the end of next year. The Rural Community Immigration Class (RCIC) scheme offers a pathway for foreign nationals and students. It is launched by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) in December 2024. The program aims to address labor shortages and encourage development in smaller rural communities. The scheme targets individuals willing to settle long-term in these areas to promote growth and address local workforce needs.
Q 73.Zoran Milanovic has been elected as president of which country in January 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Croatia]
Notes: Zoran Milanovic was re-elected as President of Croatia for a five-year term, securing 74% of the run-off vote. The first round of the presidential election on 29 December 2024 saw Milanovic win 49.1% of votes, necessitating a second round on 12 January 2025. Milanovic, backed by the opposition Social Democratic Party, is a critic of the EU and NATO but condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine while criticizing Western military support for Ukraine. The Croatian Democratic Union, the ruling party since 1991, had its candidate, Dragan Primorac, secure 19.2% of votes. The President in Croatia is the Head of State with limited executive powers, while the Prime Minister holds real executive authority. Croatia is located on the Balkan Peninsula along the Adriatic Sea.
Notes: Zoran Milanovic was re-elected as President of Croatia for a five-year term, securing 74% of the run-off vote. The first round of the presidential election on 29 December 2024 saw Milanovic win 49.1% of votes, necessitating a second round on 12 January 2025. Milanovic, backed by the opposition Social Democratic Party, is a critic of the EU and NATO but condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine while criticizing Western military support for Ukraine. The Croatian Democratic Union, the ruling party since 1991, had its candidate, Dragan Primorac, secure 19.2% of votes. The President in Croatia is the Head of State with limited executive powers, while the Prime Minister holds real executive authority. Croatia is located on the Balkan Peninsula along the Adriatic Sea.
Q 74.Which three countries have withdrawn from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in January 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger]
Notes: Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger have officially left ECOWAS due to diplomatic tensions. ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States) was founded in 1975 to promote economic cooperation and development. Citizens of ECOWAS can live, work, and move freely across member states. After the withdrawal, ECOWAS now has 12 members: Benin, Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo.
Notes: Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger have officially left ECOWAS due to diplomatic tensions. ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States) was founded in 1975 to promote economic cooperation and development. Citizens of ECOWAS can live, work, and move freely across member states. After the withdrawal, ECOWAS now has 12 members: Benin, Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo.
Q 75.“M23 rebels”, recently highlighted in news, are associated with which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Democratic Republic of Congo]
Notes: Rwandan-backed M23 rebels in the Democratic Republic of Congo are advancing south toward Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu province. They aim to expand control in the country’s east after capturing Goma. The M23 (March 23 Movement) is an armed rebel group operating in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), particularly in North Kivu province. It originated in 2012 from a faction of the Congolese army, citing grievances over a 2009 peace agreement. The recent escalation has caused massive destruction and violence.
Notes: Rwandan-backed M23 rebels in the Democratic Republic of Congo are advancing south toward Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu province. They aim to expand control in the country’s east after capturing Goma. The M23 (March 23 Movement) is an armed rebel group operating in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), particularly in North Kivu province. It originated in 2012 from a faction of the Congolese army, citing grievances over a 2009 peace agreement. The recent escalation has caused massive destruction and violence.
Q 76.Which organization has launched the campaign “Imagine a world with more women in science”?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)]
Notes: UNESCO launched the “Imagine a world with more women in science” campaign. The campaign marks the 10th anniversary of International Day of Women and Girls in Science (February 11). It promotes diverse perspectives in science using #EveryVoiceInScience. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) declared February 11 as International Day of Women and Girls in Science in 2015. Globally, women make up only one-third of scientists and hold just 1 in 10 Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) leadership roles. In India, 43% of STEM enrolments are women, but only 18.6% are scientists, and 25% lead R&D projects.
Notes: UNESCO launched the “Imagine a world with more women in science” campaign. The campaign marks the 10th anniversary of International Day of Women and Girls in Science (February 11). It promotes diverse perspectives in science using #EveryVoiceInScience. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) declared February 11 as International Day of Women and Girls in Science in 2015. Globally, women make up only one-third of scientists and hold just 1 in 10 Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) leadership roles. In India, 43% of STEM enrolments are women, but only 18.6% are scientists, and 25% lead R&D projects.
Q 77.Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC), which was seen in news, connects which two countries?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Kazakhstan and Russia]
Notes: Russia reported a 30-40% reduction in oil flows through the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) after a Ukrainian drone attack on a pumping station. CPC is a $2.6 billion project with a 935-mile pipeline connecting Tengiz oil field (Kazakhstan) to Novorossiysk (Russia). Construction began in 1999, commissioned in 2001, and expanded by $5.1 billion in 2018. It is a key East-West pipeline carrying two-thirds of Kazakhstan’s oil exports.
Notes: Russia reported a 30-40% reduction in oil flows through the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) after a Ukrainian drone attack on a pumping station. CPC is a $2.6 billion project with a 935-mile pipeline connecting Tengiz oil field (Kazakhstan) to Novorossiysk (Russia). Construction began in 1999, commissioned in 2001, and expanded by $5.1 billion in 2018. It is a key East-West pipeline carrying two-thirds of Kazakhstan’s oil exports.
Q 78.Bangladesh has designated which day as national military martyrdom day?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [February 25]
Notes: Bangladesh marks February 25 as National Military Martyrdom Day, announced by the interim government on February 23, 2025. The day commemorates the February 25-26, 2009 Pilkhana killings, where 74 military personnel, including 57 army officers, died in a failed mutiny by the Bangladesh Rifles (BDR). The mutineers looted weapons and attempted a coup but were crushed. The interim government, led by Prof. Muhammed Yunus, has ordered a fresh probe, led by A.L.M Fazlur Rahman, into the mutiny.
Notes: Bangladesh marks February 25 as National Military Martyrdom Day, announced by the interim government on February 23, 2025. The day commemorates the February 25-26, 2009 Pilkhana killings, where 74 military personnel, including 57 army officers, died in a failed mutiny by the Bangladesh Rifles (BDR). The mutineers looted weapons and attempted a coup but were crushed. The interim government, led by Prof. Muhammed Yunus, has ordered a fresh probe, led by A.L.M Fazlur Rahman, into the mutiny.
Q 79.India recently dispatched humanitarian assistance to which country in the wake of Tropical storm SARA?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Honduras]
Notes: India has sent 26 tons of humanitarian aid to Honduras after Tropical Storm SARA. The assistance includes medical supplies like surgical items, glucometers, oximeters, gloves, syringes, and IV fluids. It also contains disaster relief materials such as blankets, sleeping mats, and hygiene kits. The aid aims to help the country recover from the impact of the storm.
Notes: India has sent 26 tons of humanitarian aid to Honduras after Tropical Storm SARA. The assistance includes medical supplies like surgical items, glucometers, oximeters, gloves, syringes, and IV fluids. It also contains disaster relief materials such as blankets, sleeping mats, and hygiene kits. The aid aims to help the country recover from the impact of the storm.
Q 80.Mount Fentale, that was recently seen in news due to volcanic eruption, is located in which country?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Ethiopia]
Notes: Mount Fentale in northern Ethiopia released huge methane plumes starting January 31, 2025. This event, described as a “burp,” involved large amounts of methane escaping from underground gas deposits. The phenomenon was first detected through satellite monitoring and later confirmed by GHGSat. This unprecedented natural event could have significant climate change implications due to the high potency of methane as a greenhouse gas.
Notes: Mount Fentale in northern Ethiopia released huge methane plumes starting January 31, 2025. This event, described as a “burp,” involved large amounts of methane escaping from underground gas deposits. The phenomenon was first detected through satellite monitoring and later confirmed by GHGSat. This unprecedented natural event could have significant climate change implications due to the high potency of methane as a greenhouse gas.
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