Reports & Indices MCQs
Q 1.According to the DHL Global Connectedness Report 2024, what is the rank of India on the DHL Connectedness Index?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [62nd]
Notes: According to the 2024 DHL Global Connectedness Report, India ranks 62nd out of 171 countries on the DHL Connectedness Index. This is a 5-position improvement from the previous year, when India ranked 67th. The report ranks countries based on their connectedness to the world through the flow of trade, capital, information, and people. The report also says that India is the world’s fastest-growing major economy, and that it will play an increasingly central role in the development of globalization over the coming decades.
Notes: According to the 2024 DHL Global Connectedness Report, India ranks 62nd out of 171 countries on the DHL Connectedness Index. This is a 5-position improvement from the previous year, when India ranked 67th. The report ranks countries based on their connectedness to the world through the flow of trade, capital, information, and people. The report also says that India is the world’s fastest-growing major economy, and that it will play an increasingly central role in the development of globalization over the coming decades.
Q 2.‘Fair share for health and care’ report, recently seen in the news, is launched by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [WHO]
Notes: The WHO’s “Fair share for health and care” report highlights the gender gap in global healthcare. Women represent 67% of the health and social care workforce but face a 24% pay gap compared to men. Globally, 90% of women’s earnings support family well-being, while only 30–40% of men’s do. Despite comprising 25–60% of doctors, women make up 30–100% of nursing staff in 35 countries. Women perform 76% of unpaid care activities worldwide, with significant imbalances in India.
Notes: The WHO’s “Fair share for health and care” report highlights the gender gap in global healthcare. Women represent 67% of the health and social care workforce but face a 24% pay gap compared to men. Globally, 90% of women’s earnings support family well-being, while only 30–40% of men’s do. Despite comprising 25–60% of doctors, women make up 30–100% of nursing staff in 35 countries. Women perform 76% of unpaid care activities worldwide, with significant imbalances in India.
Q 3.State of Global Climate Report, recently seen in the news, is released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [World Meteorological Organization ]
Notes: The World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations’ (UN) climate agency, releases the State of the Global Climate report. The 2023 report confirms that 2023 was the warmest year on record, with the global average near-surface temperature 1.45 °Celsius (with a margin of uncertainty of ± 0.12 °C) above the pre-industrial baseline. The report also confirms that 2023 was the warmest 10-year period on record. The WMO also said there is a “high probability” that 2024 will be another record-hot year.
Notes: The World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations’ (UN) climate agency, releases the State of the Global Climate report. The 2023 report confirms that 2023 was the warmest year on record, with the global average near-surface temperature 1.45 °Celsius (with a margin of uncertainty of ± 0.12 °C) above the pre-industrial baseline. The report also confirms that 2023 was the warmest 10-year period on record. The WMO also said there is a “high probability” that 2024 will be another record-hot year.
Q 4.According to the World Air Quality Report, which country was the 3rd most polluted country in 2023?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [India]
Notes: In 2023, India ranked as the 3rd most polluted country globally, per the World Air Quality Report by Swiss company IQAir. Drawing data from 30,000+ air quality monitoring stations across 7,812 locations in 134 countries, only 10 met the WHO’s clean air standard. French Polynesia, Mauritius, and Iceland had the cleanest air, while India trailed behind Pakistan and Bangladesh in pollution levels.
Notes: In 2023, India ranked as the 3rd most polluted country globally, per the World Air Quality Report by Swiss company IQAir. Drawing data from 30,000+ air quality monitoring stations across 7,812 locations in 134 countries, only 10 met the WHO’s clean air standard. French Polynesia, Mauritius, and Iceland had the cleanest air, while India trailed behind Pakistan and Bangladesh in pollution levels.
Q 5.India Employment Report 2024, recently seen in the news, is released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [International Labour Organization & Institute of Human Development ]
Notes: The India Employment Report 2024, co-published by the ILO and IHD, underscores the ongoing challenges for Indian youth in finding jobs. Alarmingly, around 83% of the unemployed are young individuals. Particularly troubling is the rise in educated youth among the jobless, with those possessing secondary education or higher comprising 65.7% of the unemployed youth, up from 35.2% in 2000. This trend indicates a pressing need for interventions to address youth unemployment and skill development.
Notes: The India Employment Report 2024, co-published by the ILO and IHD, underscores the ongoing challenges for Indian youth in finding jobs. Alarmingly, around 83% of the unemployed are young individuals. Particularly troubling is the rise in educated youth among the jobless, with those possessing secondary education or higher comprising 65.7% of the unemployed youth, up from 35.2% in 2000. This trend indicates a pressing need for interventions to address youth unemployment and skill development.
Q 6.Global Trade Update report, recently seen in the news, is released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [UNCTAD]
Notes: The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) released a Global Trade Update report noting a 14% increase in India’s services exports in 2023, while goods exports fell by 6%. It anticipates a global trade rebound in 2024. However, logistical challenges like shipping disruptions in the Red Sea and Black Sea may escalate costs and disrupt supply chains. Established in 1964, UNCTAD serves as the primary authority of the UN General Assembly in trade and development matters.
Notes: The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) released a Global Trade Update report noting a 14% increase in India’s services exports in 2023, while goods exports fell by 6%. It anticipates a global trade rebound in 2024. However, logistical challenges like shipping disruptions in the Red Sea and Black Sea may escalate costs and disrupt supply chains. Established in 1964, UNCTAD serves as the primary authority of the UN General Assembly in trade and development matters.
Q 7.India Gaming Report 2024, recently seen in news, released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Interactive Entertainment and Innovation Council and WinZO]
Notes: Released by the Interactive Entertainment and Innovation Council (IEIC) and WinZO, the report highlights India’s dominance in gaming. With 568 million users, India leads as the largest gaming market globally, projected to hit $6 billion by 2028. The industry’s growth is evident, with Indian gaming companies soaring from 25 in 2015 to over 1400 in 2023. MeitY oversees gaming regulations, facilitating 100% FDI and initiatives like the Draft National AVGC Policy and National AVGC Centre of Excellence.
Notes: Released by the Interactive Entertainment and Innovation Council (IEIC) and WinZO, the report highlights India’s dominance in gaming. With 568 million users, India leads as the largest gaming market globally, projected to hit $6 billion by 2028. The industry’s growth is evident, with Indian gaming companies soaring from 25 in 2015 to over 1400 in 2023. MeitY oversees gaming regulations, facilitating 100% FDI and initiatives like the Draft National AVGC Policy and National AVGC Centre of Excellence.
Q 8.“A Decade of Documenting Migrant Deaths” report, recently released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [International Organization for Migration (IOM) ]
Notes: The International Organization for Migration (IOM) published “A Decade of Documenting Migrant Deaths” marking ten years of its Missing Migrants Project (MMP), initiated in 2014. Key findings reveal over one-third of migrants from conflict zones, with two-thirds of deaths unidentified. Major causes include drowning, accidents, and suffocation. Brain drain exacerbates economic inequalities.
Notes: The International Organization for Migration (IOM) published “A Decade of Documenting Migrant Deaths” marking ten years of its Missing Migrants Project (MMP), initiated in 2014. Key findings reveal over one-third of migrants from conflict zones, with two-thirds of deaths unidentified. Major causes include drowning, accidents, and suffocation. Brain drain exacerbates economic inequalities.
Q 9.“Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2024” report, recently released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)]
Notes: The “Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2024,” released by UNESCAP, is a flagship publication providing insights into the region’s economic trends. Established in 1947, UNESCAP serves as a platform for governments to address socio-economic issues and foster regional cooperation. With 53 member states and 9 associate members, including India, it highlights India’s robust economic growth in 2023, driven by domestic consumption and infrastructure investments, amid limited external exposure.
Notes: The “Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2024,” released by UNESCAP, is a flagship publication providing insights into the region’s economic trends. Established in 1947, UNESCAP serves as a platform for governments to address socio-economic issues and foster regional cooperation. With 53 member states and 9 associate members, including India, it highlights India’s robust economic growth in 2023, driven by domestic consumption and infrastructure investments, amid limited external exposure.
Q 10.Global Trade Outlook and Statistics Report, recently released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [World Trade Organization]
Notes: The World Trade Organization’s Global Trade Outlook and Statistics Report indicates early signs of trade fragmentation. In 2023, intermediate goods trade decreased by 6%, contrasting with stagnant non-intermediate trade. China’s share of Asian trading partners for parts and accessories slightly dropped. Disruptions in key shipping routes, such as the Panama and Suez Canals, are challenging global trade resilience. Traffic diversion via the Cape of Good Hope adds approximately 10 days to Asia-Europe journeys.
Notes: The World Trade Organization’s Global Trade Outlook and Statistics Report indicates early signs of trade fragmentation. In 2023, intermediate goods trade decreased by 6%, contrasting with stagnant non-intermediate trade. China’s share of Asian trading partners for parts and accessories slightly dropped. Disruptions in key shipping routes, such as the Panama and Suez Canals, are challenging global trade resilience. Traffic diversion via the Cape of Good Hope adds approximately 10 days to Asia-Europe journeys.
Q 11.Recently, which organization released the 2024 Global Education Monitoring Report: Gender report – Technology on her terms in France?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [UNESCO]
Notes: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) published the 2024 Global Education Monitoring Report: Gender report – Technology on her terms in France in 2024. The report examines the impact of technology on girls’ education opportunities and future technological development. It highlights ICT’s potential to overcome educational barriers for girls, citing the M-shule platform in Kenya. However, the digital divide persists, with fewer women owning mobile phones and having internet access compared to men.
Notes: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) published the 2024 Global Education Monitoring Report: Gender report – Technology on her terms in France in 2024. The report examines the impact of technology on girls’ education opportunities and future technological development. It highlights ICT’s potential to overcome educational barriers for girls, citing the M-shule platform in Kenya. However, the digital divide persists, with fewer women owning mobile phones and having internet access compared to men.
Q 12.Which organization recently released a report titled ‘Amplifying the Global Value of Earth Observation’?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [World Economic Forum]
Notes: The World Economic Forum’s report titled ‘Amplifying the Global Value of Earth Observation’ highlights Earth Observation (EO) technologies’ economic potential, estimating a $3.8 trillion contribution to global GDP from 2023-2030. EO encompasses remotely-sensed and in-situ data collection, offering insights across sectors. Agriculture benefits from precision techniques, while energy sectors utilize EO for forecasting and operations management. Mining gains insights for mineral exploration. EO also aids climate efforts, with applications like early wildfire detection and greenhouse gas monitoring, potentially reducing over 2 billion tonnes of CO2 annually by 2030.
Notes: The World Economic Forum’s report titled ‘Amplifying the Global Value of Earth Observation’ highlights Earth Observation (EO) technologies’ economic potential, estimating a $3.8 trillion contribution to global GDP from 2023-2030. EO encompasses remotely-sensed and in-situ data collection, offering insights across sectors. Agriculture benefits from precision techniques, while energy sectors utilize EO for forecasting and operations management. Mining gains insights for mineral exploration. EO also aids climate efforts, with applications like early wildfire detection and greenhouse gas monitoring, potentially reducing over 2 billion tonnes of CO2 annually by 2030.
Q 13.Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID) 2024, recently published by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Geneva based Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre]
Notes: In 2023, global internal displacement rose to 75.9 million from 71.1 million the year before, as per the Global Report on Internal Displacement 2024 (GRID-2024) by the Geneva-based IDMC. The report cites 7.7 million displaced by disasters, a quarter due to earthquakes, and 68.3 million by conflict. Sudan, Syria, DRC, Colombia, and Yemen house nearly half of IDPs. Sudan alone records 9.1 million IDPs, with new displacements concentrated in Sudan, Palestinian territories, and DRC.
Notes: In 2023, global internal displacement rose to 75.9 million from 71.1 million the year before, as per the Global Report on Internal Displacement 2024 (GRID-2024) by the Geneva-based IDMC. The report cites 7.7 million displaced by disasters, a quarter due to earthquakes, and 68.3 million by conflict. Sudan, Syria, DRC, Colombia, and Yemen house nearly half of IDPs. Sudan alone records 9.1 million IDPs, with new displacements concentrated in Sudan, Palestinian territories, and DRC.
Q 14.Which organization recently published the report titled ‘Global Land Outlook Thematic Report on Rangelands and Pastoralists’?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)]
Notes: The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) report, “Global Land Outlook Thematic Report on Rangelands and Pastoralists,” warns of the silent demise of rangelands, which cover half of Earth’s land surface. These vital grasslands, including prairies, shrublands, and tundras, are degraded by conversion to cropland, urban expansion, overgrazing, and policies promoting overexploitation, driven by rising demands for food, fiber, and fuel.
Notes: The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) report, “Global Land Outlook Thematic Report on Rangelands and Pastoralists,” warns of the silent demise of rangelands, which cover half of Earth’s land surface. These vital grasslands, including prairies, shrublands, and tundras, are degraded by conversion to cropland, urban expansion, overgrazing, and policies promoting overexploitation, driven by rising demands for food, fiber, and fuel.
Q 15.Recently, which organization released a report titled ‘Financing Gap for Universal Social Protection’?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [International Labour Organization (ILO)]
Notes: The International Labour Organization (ILO) released a working paper on the “Financing gap for universal social protection,” estimating the gap at 3.3% of GDP annually for 133 low and middle-income countries (LMICs), totaling US$1.4 trillion per year. Universal Social Protection (USP) includes key guarantees for vulnerable groups and healthcare. India alone needs US$135.3 billion, with a financing gap of 3.3% of GDP and 11.8% of government expenditure.
Notes: The International Labour Organization (ILO) released a working paper on the “Financing gap for universal social protection,” estimating the gap at 3.3% of GDP annually for 133 low and middle-income countries (LMICs), totaling US$1.4 trillion per year. Universal Social Protection (USP) includes key guarantees for vulnerable groups and healthcare. India alone needs US$135.3 billion, with a financing gap of 3.3% of GDP and 11.8% of government expenditure.
Q 16.Which institute has recently published a research report on ‘Air Pollution and Health Effects in Northern India’?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [IIT Jodhpur]
Notes: Air pollution poses severe health risks globally. Researchers from IIT Jodhpur published a study in Nature Communications, revealing insights into Northern India’s particulate matter (PM) sources. The study emphasizes the need to address local combustion processes, like biomass and fossil fuel burning, to reduce health impacts. Key findings include PM2.5 source identification, differentiation between emitted and atmospheric PM, and correlation of PM’s harmfulness with its oxidative potential, aiding policymakers in effective air quality strategies.
Notes: Air pollution poses severe health risks globally. Researchers from IIT Jodhpur published a study in Nature Communications, revealing insights into Northern India’s particulate matter (PM) sources. The study emphasizes the need to address local combustion processes, like biomass and fossil fuel burning, to reduce health impacts. Key findings include PM2.5 source identification, differentiation between emitted and atmospheric PM, and correlation of PM’s harmfulness with its oxidative potential, aiding policymakers in effective air quality strategies.
Q 17.Which organization recently released the report titled ‘State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2024’?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [World Bank]
Notes: The World Bank’s “State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2024” report highlights that CP revenues surpassed USD 100 billion in 2023, with 75 global CP instruments covering 24% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Brazil, India, and Türkiye have made significant strides in CP implementation, while China and India lead in carbon credit issuances. Carbon pricing attaches costs to greenhouse gas emissions, primarily through CO2 pricing mechanisms.
Notes: The World Bank’s “State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2024” report highlights that CP revenues surpassed USD 100 billion in 2023, with 75 global CP instruments covering 24% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Brazil, India, and Türkiye have made significant strides in CP implementation, while China and India lead in carbon credit issuances. Carbon pricing attaches costs to greenhouse gas emissions, primarily through CO2 pricing mechanisms.
Q 18.Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update (2024-2028) report, recently in news, is issued annually by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [World Meteorological Organization (WMO)]
Notes: The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) issues an annual Global Climate Update (2024-2028), predicting a high likelihood (80%) of global temperatures exceeding 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels for at least one year. There’s an 86% chance of a warmer year than 2023, the warmest on record. Reductions in sea-ice concentration are anticipated in the Barents Sea, Bering Sea, and Sea of Okhotsk, highlighting ongoing climate change trends and their potential impacts.
Notes: The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) issues an annual Global Climate Update (2024-2028), predicting a high likelihood (80%) of global temperatures exceeding 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels for at least one year. There’s an 86% chance of a warmer year than 2023, the warmest on record. Reductions in sea-ice concentration are anticipated in the Barents Sea, Bering Sea, and Sea of Okhotsk, highlighting ongoing climate change trends and their potential impacts.
Q 19.‘State of Ocean Report, 2024’, recently released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [UNESCO]
Notes: UNESCO’s 2024 State of Ocean Report highlights climate change and human activities impacting global oceans. Initiated by IOC-UNESCO during the 2022 UN Ocean Conference, it supports the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). Key findings include significant warming of the upper 2,000 meters, increased ocean acidification, consistent sea level rise since 1993, and the urgent need for better monitoring systems. The report emphasizes the uncertain impacts of marine carbon dioxide removal technologies.
Notes: UNESCO’s 2024 State of Ocean Report highlights climate change and human activities impacting global oceans. Initiated by IOC-UNESCO during the 2022 UN Ocean Conference, it supports the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). Key findings include significant warming of the upper 2,000 meters, increased ocean acidification, consistent sea level rise since 1993, and the urgent need for better monitoring systems. The report emphasizes the uncertain impacts of marine carbon dioxide removal technologies.
Q 20.“Building Better: India’s Path to Superior Quality Infrastructure” report, recently launched by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Global Trade Research Initiative (GTRI)]
Notes: The GTRI released the “Building Better: India’s Path to Superior Quality Infrastructure” report, highlighting how India can enhance its quality infrastructure. Key components include Standardization, Quality Control Orders (QCOs), and Compulsory Registration Orders (CROs) led by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). The BIS Act 2016 simplified notifying standards, leading to over 140 QCOs for 550+ products. Despite rapid QCO issuance, implementation challenges persist for firms, importers, and agencies.
Notes: The GTRI released the “Building Better: India’s Path to Superior Quality Infrastructure” report, highlighting how India can enhance its quality infrastructure. Key components include Standardization, Quality Control Orders (QCOs), and Compulsory Registration Orders (CROs) led by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). The BIS Act 2016 simplified notifying standards, leading to over 140 QCOs for 550+ products. Despite rapid QCO issuance, implementation challenges persist for firms, importers, and agencies.
Q 21.‘World Wealth Report 2024’, recently released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Capgemini Research Institute]
Notes: The Capgemini Research Institute’s World Wealth Report 2024 reveals a 12.2% rise in India’s high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) in 2023, totaling 3.589 million. Globally, HNWI wealth grew 4.7% to $86.8 trillion, with a 5.1% increase in the HNWI population to 22.8 million. India’s HNWI financial wealth rose by 12.4% to $1,445.7 billion. Key drivers include a resilient economy, robust equity markets, a lower unemployment rate, and increased market capitalization and national savings.
Notes: The Capgemini Research Institute’s World Wealth Report 2024 reveals a 12.2% rise in India’s high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) in 2023, totaling 3.589 million. Globally, HNWI wealth grew 4.7% to $86.8 trillion, with a 5.1% increase in the HNWI population to 22.8 million. India’s HNWI financial wealth rose by 12.4% to $1,445.7 billion. Key drivers include a resilient economy, robust equity markets, a lower unemployment rate, and increased market capitalization and national savings.
Q 22.Which ministry conducted the ‘Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES)’ in India?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation]
Notes: The Household Consumption Expenditure Survey by the Ministry of Statistics unveils Indian spending patterns. Food expenses, led by beverages and processed foods, account for 46% of rural and 39% of urban spending. Tamil Nadu tops in urban and rural “beverages, processed food” expenses. Non-food spending, notably on conveyance and durable goods, has risen, exceeding 50% for the first time in 2022-23. Rural expenditure surged by 164% to Rs 3,773, while urban rose by 146% to Rs 6,459 from 2011-12 to 2022-23, indicating a notable consumption growth trend.
Notes: The Household Consumption Expenditure Survey by the Ministry of Statistics unveils Indian spending patterns. Food expenses, led by beverages and processed foods, account for 46% of rural and 39% of urban spending. Tamil Nadu tops in urban and rural “beverages, processed food” expenses. Non-food spending, notably on conveyance and durable goods, has risen, exceeding 50% for the first time in 2022-23. Rural expenditure surged by 164% to Rs 3,773, while urban rose by 146% to Rs 6,459 from 2011-12 to 2022-23, indicating a notable consumption growth trend.
Q 23.Which organization recently released the “State of Global Air (SoGA) 2024”?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Health Effects Institute (HEI)]
Notes: Air pollution is the second leading global risk factor for death, per the 2024 State of Global Air (SoGA) report by the Health Effects Institute and UNICEF. It causes non-communicable diseases like heart disease and lung cancer, with 8.1 million deaths in 2021. India and China accounted for 54% of the global air pollution disease burden. In 2021, air pollution caused 1,69,400 child deaths in India and 2,37,000 COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) deaths.
Notes: Air pollution is the second leading global risk factor for death, per the 2024 State of Global Air (SoGA) report by the Health Effects Institute and UNICEF. It causes non-communicable diseases like heart disease and lung cancer, with 8.1 million deaths in 2021. India and China accounted for 54% of the global air pollution disease burden. In 2021, air pollution caused 1,69,400 child deaths in India and 2,37,000 COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) deaths.
Q 24.Global Gas Flaring Tracker Report 2024, recently released by which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [World Bank]
Notes: According to the World Bank’s Global Gas Flaring Tracker Report, gas flaring reached 148 billion cubic meters (bcm) in 2023, the highest since 2019. Gas flaring, the burning of natural gas during oil extraction, persists due to market constraints, regulatory issues, and political factors. Although flaring safely disposes of gas, it wastes a valuable resource that could be used for power generation or conservation.
Notes: According to the World Bank’s Global Gas Flaring Tracker Report, gas flaring reached 148 billion cubic meters (bcm) in 2023, the highest since 2019. Gas flaring, the burning of natural gas during oil extraction, persists due to market constraints, regulatory issues, and political factors. Although flaring safely disposes of gas, it wastes a valuable resource that could be used for power generation or conservation.
Q 25.Recently, which organization announced the New World Soil Health Index at International conference on Soils?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [UNESCO]
Notes: UNESCO introduced the New World Soil Health Index at an international conference in Morocco to standardize soil quality assessment globally. It aims to monitor soil degradation trends and improvements across different ecosystems. UNESCO will pilot sustainable soil management in ten Biosphere Reserves to develop best practices. Globally, soil degradation affects 75% of land, impacting 3.2 billion people, and is projected to reach 90% by 2050. In India, 32% of land is degraded, with 25% undergoing desertification due to various factors including deforestation and industrial pollution.
Notes: UNESCO introduced the New World Soil Health Index at an international conference in Morocco to standardize soil quality assessment globally. It aims to monitor soil degradation trends and improvements across different ecosystems. UNESCO will pilot sustainable soil management in ten Biosphere Reserves to develop best practices. Globally, soil degradation affects 75% of land, impacting 3.2 billion people, and is projected to reach 90% by 2050. In India, 32% of land is degraded, with 25% undergoing desertification due to various factors including deforestation and industrial pollution.
Q 26.Which organization recently released the ‘Navigating New Horizons: A Global Foresight’ report?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [United Nation Environment Programme]
Notes: The UNEP’s report “Navigating New Horizons” identifies critical global shifts exacerbating the triple planetary crisis of pollution, biodiversity loss, and climate change. It highlights the interconnectedness of today’s global polycrisis, which includes wars, extreme weather, and pandemics, driven by globalization. Key issues addressed include changing human-environment relationships, resource scarcity impacting global security, technological innovations like AI, increased risks from autonomous weapons, mass displacement of 1.5% of the population, and rising eco-anxiety.
Notes: The UNEP’s report “Navigating New Horizons” identifies critical global shifts exacerbating the triple planetary crisis of pollution, biodiversity loss, and climate change. It highlights the interconnectedness of today’s global polycrisis, which includes wars, extreme weather, and pandemics, driven by globalization. Key issues addressed include changing human-environment relationships, resource scarcity impacting global security, technological innovations like AI, increased risks from autonomous weapons, mass displacement of 1.5% of the population, and rising eco-anxiety.
Q 27.Which organization recently published the ‘Global Education Monitoring Report 2024’?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [UNESCO]
Notes: UNESCO’s Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report 2024 highlights the impact of climate change on education. Mandated by the ‘Education 2030 Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action’, it monitors SDG 4 (Quality Education). Key findings: Over 20 years, schools closed during 75% of extreme weather events, affecting over 5 million people. In India, early-life rainfall shocks impaired vocabulary, math, and non-cognitive skills. Education’s role in combating climate change is underrepresented in international agendas.
Notes: UNESCO’s Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report 2024 highlights the impact of climate change on education. Mandated by the ‘Education 2030 Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action’, it monitors SDG 4 (Quality Education). Key findings: Over 20 years, schools closed during 75% of extreme weather events, affecting over 5 million people. In India, early-life rainfall shocks impaired vocabulary, math, and non-cognitive skills. Education’s role in combating climate change is underrepresented in international agendas.
Q 28.Which organization recently released ‘Towards Justice: Ending Child Marriage’ report?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [India Child Protection (ICP)]
Notes: India Child Protection (ICP) released the “Towards Justice: Ending Child Marriage” report. ICP, part of the Child Rights and Multi-Faith Initiative, addresses child abuse, trafficking, digital exploitation, and child marriage. Key findings: Assam’s legal measures reduced child marriages by 81% from 2021-22 to 2023-24. Despite three girls marrying every minute (Census 2011), only three cases are reported daily. In 2023-24, 14,137 child marriages were prevented. With a 92% case backlog, clearing it could take 19 years.
Notes: India Child Protection (ICP) released the “Towards Justice: Ending Child Marriage” report. ICP, part of the Child Rights and Multi-Faith Initiative, addresses child abuse, trafficking, digital exploitation, and child marriage. Key findings: Assam’s legal measures reduced child marriages by 81% from 2021-22 to 2023-24. Despite three girls marrying every minute (Census 2011), only three cases are reported daily. In 2023-24, 14,137 child marriages were prevented. With a 92% case backlog, clearing it could take 19 years.
Q 29.What is the rank of India in ‘Henley Passport Index 2024’?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [82nd]
Notes: The Henley Passport Index 2024 ranks the Indian passport 82nd, providing visa-free access to 58 countries, including Indonesia, Maldives, and Thailand. Singapore tops the index with visa-free entry to 195 countries, while France, Italy, Germany, Spain, and Japan are second with 192 destinations. Austria, Finland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, South Korea, and Sweden share third place (191 countries), and the UK, New Zealand, Norway, Belgium, Denmark, and Switzerland are fourth (190 countries).
Notes: The Henley Passport Index 2024 ranks the Indian passport 82nd, providing visa-free access to 58 countries, including Indonesia, Maldives, and Thailand. Singapore tops the index with visa-free entry to 195 countries, while France, Italy, Germany, Spain, and Japan are second with 192 destinations. Austria, Finland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, South Korea, and Sweden share third place (191 countries), and the UK, New Zealand, Norway, Belgium, Denmark, and Switzerland are fourth (190 countries).
Q 30.Which organization recently released the report titled ‘The Impact of Climate Change on Education’?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [World Bank]
Notes: The World Bank’s report “The Impact of Climate Change on Education” highlights how climate change intensifies extreme weather, disrupting schooling and causing learning losses and dropouts. Despite its significance, education remains overlooked in climate policy, with less than 1.3% of climate assistance allocated to it in 2020. Between 2005-2024, schools closed during 75% of extreme weather events, affecting over 5 million people. Over 99% of children globally face at least one major climate hazard. Rising temperatures negatively impact learning outcomes, with a 1°C increase reducing test scores. Climate change also threatens food security and economic stability, jeopardizing school enrollment and disproportionately affecting 4 million girls in low- and lower-middle-income countries.
Notes: The World Bank’s report “The Impact of Climate Change on Education” highlights how climate change intensifies extreme weather, disrupting schooling and causing learning losses and dropouts. Despite its significance, education remains overlooked in climate policy, with less than 1.3% of climate assistance allocated to it in 2020. Between 2005-2024, schools closed during 75% of extreme weather events, affecting over 5 million people. Over 99% of children globally face at least one major climate hazard. Rising temperatures negatively impact learning outcomes, with a 1°C increase reducing test scores. Climate change also threatens food security and economic stability, jeopardizing school enrollment and disproportionately affecting 4 million girls in low- and lower-middle-income countries.
Q 31.Which organization recently published the ‘Global Education Monitoring Report 2024’?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [UNESCO]
Notes: UNESCO’s Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report 2024 highlights the impact of climate change on education. Mandated by the ‘Education 2030 Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action’, it monitors SDG 4 (Quality Education). Key findings: Over 20 years, schools closed during 75% of extreme weather events, affecting over 5 million people. In India, early-life rainfall shocks impaired vocabulary, math, and non-cognitive skills. Education’s role in combating climate change is underrepresented in international agendas.
Notes: UNESCO’s Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report 2024 highlights the impact of climate change on education. Mandated by the ‘Education 2030 Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action’, it monitors SDG 4 (Quality Education). Key findings: Over 20 years, schools closed during 75% of extreme weather events, affecting over 5 million people. In India, early-life rainfall shocks impaired vocabulary, math, and non-cognitive skills. Education’s role in combating climate change is underrepresented in international agendas.
Q 32.Recently, which ministry has unveiled a comprehensive report titled “Economic Case for Investment in the Well-being of Adolescents in India”?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Ministry of Health & Family Welfare ]
Notes: Ministry of Health & Family Welfare released a report titled “Economic Case for Investment in the Well-being of Adolescents in India,” highlighting key areas for investment in adolescent health. India has the largest adolescent population (253 million) globally. Between 2000 and 2019, the adolescent mortality rate dropped by over 50%, and fertility rates fell by 83%. Secondary school completion rates more than doubled from 22% in 2005 to over 50% in 2020. However, fatal road accidents among adolescents under 18 increased by 22.7% from 2021 to 2022. Recommended interventions are projected to boost India’s economy by 10.1% of annual GDP.
Notes: Ministry of Health & Family Welfare released a report titled “Economic Case for Investment in the Well-being of Adolescents in India,” highlighting key areas for investment in adolescent health. India has the largest adolescent population (253 million) globally. Between 2000 and 2019, the adolescent mortality rate dropped by over 50%, and fertility rates fell by 83%. Secondary school completion rates more than doubled from 22% in 2005 to over 50% in 2020. However, fatal road accidents among adolescents under 18 increased by 22.7% from 2021 to 2022. Recommended interventions are projected to boost India’s economy by 10.1% of annual GDP.
Q 33.Which organization recently released “World Development Report 2024: The Middle Income Trap”?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [World Bank]
Notes: The World Bank’s 2024 report highlights the “Middle-Income Trap,” where countries stuck in middle-income status struggle to advance to high-income levels. This trap often occurs around $8,000 GDP per capita. Since 1990, only 34 of 108 middle-income countries have moved to high-income status. Key challenges include aging populations, rising protectionism, and the need for faster energy transitions. India, classified as a lower-middle-income country since 2007, has a GNI per capita of $2,540 and would need 75 years to reach one-quarter of U.S. income per capita at current trends.
Notes: The World Bank’s 2024 report highlights the “Middle-Income Trap,” where countries stuck in middle-income status struggle to advance to high-income levels. This trap often occurs around $8,000 GDP per capita. Since 1990, only 34 of 108 middle-income countries have moved to high-income status. Key challenges include aging populations, rising protectionism, and the need for faster energy transitions. India, classified as a lower-middle-income country since 2007, has a GNI per capita of $2,540 and would need 75 years to reach one-quarter of U.S. income per capita at current trends.
Q 34.Recently, which organization launched a report titled ‘The Case for Investment in Nutritious Foods Value Chains’?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN)]
Notes: GAIN’s report, “The Case for Investment in Nutritious Foods Value Chains,” urges nutrition investments in the agri-food sector to reduce gender inequalities, boost productivity, and enhance business resilience. GAIN, a Swiss NGO launched at the UN in 2002, addresses malnutrition by supporting public-private partnerships to increase access to essential nutrients in diets.
Notes: GAIN’s report, “The Case for Investment in Nutritious Foods Value Chains,” urges nutrition investments in the agri-food sector to reduce gender inequalities, boost productivity, and enhance business resilience. GAIN, a Swiss NGO launched at the UN in 2002, addresses malnutrition by supporting public-private partnerships to increase access to essential nutrients in diets.
Q 35.Which ministry recently released a report titled “Empirical study to evaluate the delivery of justice through improved infrastructure”?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Ministry of Law and Justice]
Notes: The Union Ministry of Law & Justice released a report highlighting infrastructural issues in the judicial system. Key findings include inadequate courtroom space for 37.7% of judicial officers, a shortage of trained personnel, and insufficient digital infrastructure in legal offices. The report recommends creating an independent IT department for courts, emphasizing electronic case management, and establishing separate civil and criminal courts with distinct judicial officers.
Notes: The Union Ministry of Law & Justice released a report highlighting infrastructural issues in the judicial system. Key findings include inadequate courtroom space for 37.7% of judicial officers, a shortage of trained personnel, and insufficient digital infrastructure in legal offices. The report recommends creating an independent IT department for courts, emphasizing electronic case management, and establishing separate civil and criminal courts with distinct judicial officers.
Q 36.Which organization recently published “Global Employment Trends (GET) for Youth 2024” report?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [International Labour Organisation (ILO)]
Notes: The International Labour Organization released the “Global Employment Trends for Youth 2024” report, marking its 20th anniversary. The report highlights achievements, challenges, and future outlooks for youth employment. In 2023, the global youth unemployment rate dropped to 13%, the lowest in 15 years, with 64.9 million unemployed youth, the lowest since 2000. 20.4% of youth were classified as NEET (Not in Employment, Education, or Training), showing broad labor market exclusion. Two-thirds of young NEETs are women.
Notes: The International Labour Organization released the “Global Employment Trends for Youth 2024” report, marking its 20th anniversary. The report highlights achievements, challenges, and future outlooks for youth employment. In 2023, the global youth unemployment rate dropped to 13%, the lowest in 15 years, with 64.9 million unemployed youth, the lowest since 2000. 20.4% of youth were classified as NEET (Not in Employment, Education, or Training), showing broad labor market exclusion. Two-thirds of young NEETs are women.
Q 37.Which ministry recently released Model Foster Care Guidelines (MFCG), 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Ministry of Women and Child Development ]
Notes: The Ministry of Women and Child Development released the Model Foster Care Guidelines (MFCG), 2024, updating the 2016 guidelines based on various legal frameworks. Foster care involves placing a child with a family other than their biological one, approved by the Child Welfare Committee. The new guidelines extend eligibility to single females and allow them to foster or adopt any gender, while single males can only foster male children. Any individual can foster, regardless of marital status, but married couples must have a stable relationship of 2 years. Foster parents can now adopt a child after fostering for 2 years, instead of 5.
Notes: The Ministry of Women and Child Development released the Model Foster Care Guidelines (MFCG), 2024, updating the 2016 guidelines based on various legal frameworks. Foster care involves placing a child with a family other than their biological one, approved by the Child Welfare Committee. The new guidelines extend eligibility to single females and allow them to foster or adopt any gender, while single males can only foster male children. Any individual can foster, regardless of marital status, but married couples must have a stable relationship of 2 years. Foster parents can now adopt a child after fostering for 2 years, instead of 5.
Q 38.Which institution recently released “Pathways and Strategies for Accelerating Growth in Edible Oils towards Goal of Atma Nirbharta” report?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [NITI Aayog]
Notes: NITI Aayog recently released a “Pathways and Strategies for Accelerating Growth in Edible Oils towards Goal of Atma Nirbharta” report. The report reviews the current state of the sector, its potential, and strategies to address challenges. Nine major oilseed crops cover 14.3% of the cropped area, contributing 12-13% to dietary energy and 8% to agricultural exports. Soybean leads in production, followed by rapeseed-mustard and groundnut. Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh are the top producers, with Gujarat and Maharashtra also significant contributors. Rising consumption has led to increased imports, with palm oil making up 59% of imports. Oilseed production and yield have been growing, with projections to reach 43 MT by 2030 and 55 MT by 2047.
Notes: NITI Aayog recently released a “Pathways and Strategies for Accelerating Growth in Edible Oils towards Goal of Atma Nirbharta” report. The report reviews the current state of the sector, its potential, and strategies to address challenges. Nine major oilseed crops cover 14.3% of the cropped area, contributing 12-13% to dietary energy and 8% to agricultural exports. Soybean leads in production, followed by rapeseed-mustard and groundnut. Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh are the top producers, with Gujarat and Maharashtra also significant contributors. Rising consumption has led to increased imports, with palm oil making up 59% of imports. Oilseed production and yield have been growing, with projections to reach 43 MT by 2030 and 55 MT by 2047.
Q 39.Recently, which organization has released “Ozone and UV Bulletin”?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [World Meteorological Organization (WMO)]
Notes: The World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) released the 2nd Edition of the Ozone and UV Bulletin on World Ozone Day (16 September). This day celebrates the Montreal Protocol and its amendment, the Kigali Agreement. The theme for this year is “Montreal Protocol: Advancing Climate Actions.” Key findings show the ozone layer is recovering, with ozone-depleting substances (ODS) decreasing. Full recovery is expected by 2066 over Antarctica, 2045 over the Arctic, and 2040 globally. The Kigali Amendment could reduce global warming by 0.5°C by 2100. Ozone depletion is mainly caused by ODS, especially in the Antarctic.
Notes: The World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) released the 2nd Edition of the Ozone and UV Bulletin on World Ozone Day (16 September). This day celebrates the Montreal Protocol and its amendment, the Kigali Agreement. The theme for this year is “Montreal Protocol: Advancing Climate Actions.” Key findings show the ozone layer is recovering, with ozone-depleting substances (ODS) decreasing. Full recovery is expected by 2066 over Antarctica, 2045 over the Arctic, and 2040 globally. The Kigali Amendment could reduce global warming by 0.5°C by 2100. Ozone depletion is mainly caused by ODS, especially in the Antarctic.
Q 40.Which organization recently published the report named ‘State of the Rhino 2024’ report?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [International Rhino Foundation (IRF) ]
Notes: International Rhino Foundation recently published the report named ‘State of the Rhino 2024’ report. It highlights positive trends for Greater One-Horned Rhinos. Their population has increased by 20% in the last decade, now exceeding 4,000. They are found in the Indo-Nepal Terai, northern West Bengal, and Assam. India has 3,262 Greater One-Horned Rhinos (2021), mostly in Assam. Over 90% of them are in Kaziranga National Park.
Notes: International Rhino Foundation recently published the report named ‘State of the Rhino 2024’ report. It highlights positive trends for Greater One-Horned Rhinos. Their population has increased by 20% in the last decade, now exceeding 4,000. They are found in the Indo-Nepal Terai, northern West Bengal, and Assam. India has 3,262 Greater One-Horned Rhinos (2021), mostly in Assam. Over 90% of them are in Kaziranga National Park.
Q 41.Which organization recently released a report titled “Agriculture and Conservation”?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)]
Notes: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) released a report titled “Agriculture and Conservation.” The report explores the complex relationship between agriculture and biodiversity conservation. Agriculture directly threatens 34% of species on the IUCN Red List due to habitat conversion to croplands, pasturelands, plantations, and irrigation. Indirect threats include invasive species, nutrient loading, soil erosion, agrochemicals, and climate change.On the positive side, agriculture provides habitat for about 17% of species on the IUCN Red List.
Notes: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) released a report titled “Agriculture and Conservation.” The report explores the complex relationship between agriculture and biodiversity conservation. Agriculture directly threatens 34% of species on the IUCN Red List due to habitat conversion to croplands, pasturelands, plantations, and irrigation. Indirect threats include invasive species, nutrient loading, soil erosion, agrochemicals, and climate change.On the positive side, agriculture provides habitat for about 17% of species on the IUCN Red List.
Q 42.Which organization recently published the World Energy Outlook 2024 report?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [International Energy Agency (IEA)]
Notes: India is expected to see the highest increase in energy demand globally over the next decade, as per the World Energy Outlook 2024. The report is published by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and provides key energy trends and projections. Low-emission energy sources are projected to generate over half of the world’s electricity by 2030. India is set to add 12,000 cars daily until 2035, with built-up space growing by over 1 billion square meters annually. India’s total energy demand will rise by 35% by 2035, with coal use in industry increasing by 50%. Coal-based electricity generation will grow by 15%.
Notes: India is expected to see the highest increase in energy demand globally over the next decade, as per the World Energy Outlook 2024. The report is published by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and provides key energy trends and projections. Low-emission energy sources are projected to generate over half of the world’s electricity by 2030. India is set to add 12,000 cars daily until 2035, with built-up space growing by over 1 billion square meters annually. India’s total energy demand will rise by 35% by 2035, with coal use in industry increasing by 50%. Coal-based electricity generation will grow by 15%.
Q 43.Which organization recently released the Review of Maritime Transport 2024 report?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)]
Notes: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) released the Review of Maritime Transport 2024 report, highlighting trends in global maritime trade. Global maritime trade grew by 2.4% in 2023, rebounding from a contraction in 2022, but the recovery is still fragile. Key chokepoints like the Suez and Panama Canals experienced significant disruptions. Chokepoints are narrow geographical features that are strategically important for trade. They enhance connectivity, such as the Suez Canal connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. Chokepoints also play a vital role in energy security, like the Strait of Hormuz for global petroleum transport.
Notes: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) released the Review of Maritime Transport 2024 report, highlighting trends in global maritime trade. Global maritime trade grew by 2.4% in 2023, rebounding from a contraction in 2022, but the recovery is still fragile. Key chokepoints like the Suez and Panama Canals experienced significant disruptions. Chokepoints are narrow geographical features that are strategically important for trade. They enhance connectivity, such as the Suez Canal connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. Chokepoints also play a vital role in energy security, like the Strait of Hormuz for global petroleum transport.
Q 44.Which organization recently released the Global TB Report 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [World Health Organization (WHO)]
Notes: World Health Organization (WHO) released the “Global TB Report 2024”. India has significantly improved treatment coverage for tuberculosis (TB), achieving 85% coverage among diagnosed individuals. The World Health Organization’s Global TB Report highlights an increase in preventive therapy for high-risk groups, such as household contacts of TB patients and people living with HIV. In 2023, 12.2 lakh people received preventive therapy, up from 10.2 lakh in 2022 and 4.2 lakh in 2021. The government provides free TB medications to alleviate financial burdens, as treatments can be costly and last up to two years. Treatment success rates are 89% for drug-susceptible TB, 73% for drug-resistant TB, and 69% for extremely drug-resistant TB. Challenges include the long duration of treatment, leading to poor compliance, prompting the government to introduce innovative solutions like pill boxes and shorter treatment courses.
Notes: World Health Organization (WHO) released the “Global TB Report 2024”. India has significantly improved treatment coverage for tuberculosis (TB), achieving 85% coverage among diagnosed individuals. The World Health Organization’s Global TB Report highlights an increase in preventive therapy for high-risk groups, such as household contacts of TB patients and people living with HIV. In 2023, 12.2 lakh people received preventive therapy, up from 10.2 lakh in 2022 and 4.2 lakh in 2021. The government provides free TB medications to alleviate financial burdens, as treatments can be costly and last up to two years. Treatment success rates are 89% for drug-susceptible TB, 73% for drug-resistant TB, and 69% for extremely drug-resistant TB. Challenges include the long duration of treatment, leading to poor compliance, prompting the government to introduce innovative solutions like pill boxes and shorter treatment courses.
Q 45.Which organization recently released the report titled ‘The impact of care responsibilities of women’s labour participation’?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [International Labour Organization (ILO)]
Notes: International Labour Organization (ILO) released the report titled ‘The impact of care responsibilities of women’s labour participation’. According to the report, 53% of women in India are outside the labor force due to care responsibilities, needing more investment in the care economy. Only 1.1% of men are out of work for similar reasons. The report emphasizes the need for early childhood care and education (ECCE) to boost women’s labor force participation and gender equality. In India, 97.8% of women and 91.4% of men are out of the workforce due to personal or family reasons. Globally, 708 million women and 40 million men are outside the labor force due to caregiving, highlighting a significant gender disparity.
Notes: International Labour Organization (ILO) released the report titled ‘The impact of care responsibilities of women’s labour participation’. According to the report, 53% of women in India are outside the labor force due to care responsibilities, needing more investment in the care economy. Only 1.1% of men are out of work for similar reasons. The report emphasizes the need for early childhood care and education (ECCE) to boost women’s labor force participation and gender equality. In India, 97.8% of women and 91.4% of men are out of the workforce due to personal or family reasons. Globally, 708 million women and 40 million men are outside the labor force due to caregiving, highlighting a significant gender disparity.
Q 46.What is the rank of India in the AI Preparedness Index (AIPI)?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [72nd]
Notes: The AI Preparedness Index (AIPI) evaluates nations on digital infrastructure, human capital, technological innovation, and legal frameworks. As of 2023, Singapore leads with a score of 0.80, indicating its strong commitment to AI integration. In contrast, India ranks 72nd with a score of 0.49, despite having a significant number of AI startups and user engagement. This index highlights the disparities in AI readiness between advanced and emerging economies.
Notes: The AI Preparedness Index (AIPI) evaluates nations on digital infrastructure, human capital, technological innovation, and legal frameworks. As of 2023, Singapore leads with a score of 0.80, indicating its strong commitment to AI integration. In contrast, India ranks 72nd with a score of 0.49, despite having a significant number of AI startups and user engagement. This index highlights the disparities in AI readiness between advanced and emerging economies.
Q 47.Which organization has prepared the Global Environment Outlook (GEO-7) report?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)]
Notes: The Global Environment Outlook (GEO-7) is a crucial report being drafted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). It aims to offer policymakers a comprehensive assessment of environmental changes and effective solutions to combat pressing ecological issues. Scheduled for launch at the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-7) in December 2025, GEO-7 will cover a broad spectrum of environmental topics, emphasizing the interconnectedness of environmental health with economic and social stability, thereby influencing decisions across various sectors for sustainable development.
Notes: The Global Environment Outlook (GEO-7) is a crucial report being drafted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). It aims to offer policymakers a comprehensive assessment of environmental changes and effective solutions to combat pressing ecological issues. Scheduled for launch at the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-7) in December 2025, GEO-7 will cover a broad spectrum of environmental topics, emphasizing the interconnectedness of environmental health with economic and social stability, thereby influencing decisions across various sectors for sustainable development.
Q 48.The Asia–Pacific Climate Report 2024 is a new initiative of which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Asian Development Bank (ADB)]
Notes: The Asia–Pacific Climate Report is a new initiative by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to help the region address climate change through policy reforms. It highlights India’s transition from fossil fuels to clean energy, showcasing key reforms and subsidy reallocations. India has achieved an 85% reduction in fossil fuel subsidies, dropping from $25 billion in 2013 to $3.5 billion in 2023. A cess on coal production funded clean energy projects like the Green Energy Corridor and National Solar Mission. Tax hikes on petrol and diesel have redirected funds to renewable initiatives, improving LPG access in rural areas. National programs support clean energy investments and progress toward India’s 2070 net-zero target.
Notes: The Asia–Pacific Climate Report is a new initiative by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to help the region address climate change through policy reforms. It highlights India’s transition from fossil fuels to clean energy, showcasing key reforms and subsidy reallocations. India has achieved an 85% reduction in fossil fuel subsidies, dropping from $25 billion in 2013 to $3.5 billion in 2023. A cess on coal production funded clean energy projects like the Green Energy Corridor and National Solar Mission. Tax hikes on petrol and diesel have redirected funds to renewable initiatives, improving LPG access in rural areas. National programs support clean energy investments and progress toward India’s 2070 net-zero target.
Q 49.Which organizations recently released the ‘Hunger Hotspots Outlook Report’?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) ]
Notes: The report, titled ‘Hunger Hotspots’ for the period between November 2024 and May 2025, was published recently. The new report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) indicates that acute food insecurity is expected to worsen in 22 countries over the next six months. Sudan, Palestine, South Sudan, Haiti, and Mali are on the highest alert. Kenya, Lesotho, Namibia, and Niger are newly added hunger hotspots. Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Malawi, Somalia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe remain on the list. Climate issues like La Niña may increase floods in Southern Africa and cause drought in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia.
Notes: The report, titled ‘Hunger Hotspots’ for the period between November 2024 and May 2025, was published recently. The new report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) indicates that acute food insecurity is expected to worsen in 22 countries over the next six months. Sudan, Palestine, South Sudan, Haiti, and Mali are on the highest alert. Kenya, Lesotho, Namibia, and Niger are newly added hunger hotspots. Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Malawi, Somalia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe remain on the list. Climate issues like La Niña may increase floods in Southern Africa and cause drought in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia.
Q 50.Which organization released the Adaptation Gap Report 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)]
Notes: The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) released the Adaptation Gap Report 2024. The report assesses the world’s progress on adaptation planning, financing, and implementation. The adaptation gap is estimated at US$187-359 billion per year, reflecting resource limitations. International public adaptation finance to developing countries reached US$27.5 billion in 2022, showing progress toward the Glasgow Climate Pact. It also suggests ways to improve national and global adaptation efforts. The 2024 report emphasizes the need for countries to increase their efforts to adapt to climate change, starting with a commitment to finance at COP29. It also provides a more in-depth analysis of capacity building and technology transfer.
Notes: The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) released the Adaptation Gap Report 2024. The report assesses the world’s progress on adaptation planning, financing, and implementation. The adaptation gap is estimated at US$187-359 billion per year, reflecting resource limitations. International public adaptation finance to developing countries reached US$27.5 billion in 2022, showing progress toward the Glasgow Climate Pact. It also suggests ways to improve national and global adaptation efforts. The 2024 report emphasizes the need for countries to increase their efforts to adapt to climate change, starting with a commitment to finance at COP29. It also provides a more in-depth analysis of capacity building and technology transfer.
Q 51.What is rank of India in Henley Passport Index, released in October 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [83rd]
Notes: Singapore has the world’s most powerful passport, offering visa-free access to 195 countries, as per the Henley Passport Index (October 2024). France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and Spain rank second, with visa-free access to 192 countries. The United States ranks 8th, allowing visa-free access to 186 countries. India ranks 83rd, providing visa-free access to 58 countries. Asian countries like Japan, Singapore, and South Korea often lead the rankings, showing their strong global diplomatic ties.
Notes: Singapore has the world’s most powerful passport, offering visa-free access to 195 countries, as per the Henley Passport Index (October 2024). France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and Spain rank second, with visa-free access to 192 countries. The United States ranks 8th, allowing visa-free access to 186 countries. India ranks 83rd, providing visa-free access to 58 countries. Asian countries like Japan, Singapore, and South Korea often lead the rankings, showing their strong global diplomatic ties.
Q 52.Which organization released the Global Education Monitoring Report 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [UNESCO]
Notes: UNESCO released the Global Education Monitoring Report 2024 at the Global Education Meeting hosted by Brazil. The report emphasizes leadership in education as crucial for achieving common goals, focusing on social influence and balancing learning outcomes with equity and inclusivity. It highlights a funding issue, with 4 in 10 countries spending less than 4% of GDP on education. 251 million children and youth remain out of school, with a small 1% reduction since 2015. Central and Southern Asia show progress in education access, but Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan have the largest out-of-school populations.
Notes: UNESCO released the Global Education Monitoring Report 2024 at the Global Education Meeting hosted by Brazil. The report emphasizes leadership in education as crucial for achieving common goals, focusing on social influence and balancing learning outcomes with equity and inclusivity. It highlights a funding issue, with 4 in 10 countries spending less than 4% of GDP on education. 251 million children and youth remain out of school, with a small 1% reduction since 2015. Central and Southern Asia show progress in education access, but Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan have the largest out-of-school populations.
Q 53.Which organization recently released the State of Food and Agriculture 2024 (SOFA) report?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)]
Notes: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released the State of Food and Agriculture 2024 (SOFA) report. FAO’s “State of Food and Agriculture 2024” report focuses on transforming agrifood systems for sustainability. It highlights hidden costs, which are external costs or economic losses from market and policy failures. The report emphasizes unhealthy diets, contributing 70% of global hidden costs, including non-communicable diseases. Industrial agrifood systems contribute the most to hidden costs, around $5.9 trillion. India’s hidden costs are approximately $1.3 trillion annually, ranking third globally, mainly from unhealthy dietary patterns. The SOFA report is an annual overview of FAO’s key topics. It focuses on emerging areas like agrifood systems and digital agriculture technologies.
Notes: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released the State of Food and Agriculture 2024 (SOFA) report. FAO’s “State of Food and Agriculture 2024” report focuses on transforming agrifood systems for sustainability. It highlights hidden costs, which are external costs or economic losses from market and policy failures. The report emphasizes unhealthy diets, contributing 70% of global hidden costs, including non-communicable diseases. Industrial agrifood systems contribute the most to hidden costs, around $5.9 trillion. India’s hidden costs are approximately $1.3 trillion annually, ranking third globally, mainly from unhealthy dietary patterns. The SOFA report is an annual overview of FAO’s key topics. It focuses on emerging areas like agrifood systems and digital agriculture technologies.
Q 54.Which organization released the World Energy Employment 2024 report?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [International Energy Agency]
Notes: The World Energy Employment 2024 report by the International Energy Agency highlights global energy employment surpassing broader labor market trends in 2023. Clean energy remains the main driver of job growth. In India, energy jobs account for over 8.5 million, or 1.5% of the total employment (566 million) in 2023. India’s energy sector relies heavily on informal labor. The clean energy workforce in India is expected to grow further, supported by government initiatives that promote job creation.
Notes: The World Energy Employment 2024 report by the International Energy Agency highlights global energy employment surpassing broader labor market trends in 2023. Clean energy remains the main driver of job growth. In India, energy jobs account for over 8.5 million, or 1.5% of the total employment (566 million) in 2023. India’s energy sector relies heavily on informal labor. The clean energy workforce in India is expected to grow further, supported by government initiatives that promote job creation.
Q 55.Which organization published the Global Peatland Hotspot Atlas 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)]
Notes: The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) published the Global Peatland Hotspot Atlas, 2024, building on the 2022 Global Peatlands Assessment and Global Peatland Map 2.0. The UNEP Global Peatlands Initiative was formed at the 2016 UNFCCC COP in Marrakech, Morocco. Peatlands are wetland ecosystems where waterlogged conditions prevent plant material from fully decomposing, leading to the accumulation of peat, which is dead and partially decomposed plant matter. Peatlands play a crucial role in organic matter production, with decomposition rates being slower than accumulation.
Notes: The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) published the Global Peatland Hotspot Atlas, 2024, building on the 2022 Global Peatlands Assessment and Global Peatland Map 2.0. The UNEP Global Peatlands Initiative was formed at the 2016 UNFCCC COP in Marrakech, Morocco. Peatlands are wetland ecosystems where waterlogged conditions prevent plant material from fully decomposing, leading to the accumulation of peat, which is dead and partially decomposed plant matter. Peatlands play a crucial role in organic matter production, with decomposition rates being slower than accumulation.
Q 56.Recently, which organizations jointly launched the Global Matchmaking Platform (GMP)?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the Climate Club]
Notes: United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the Climate Club recently launched the Global Matchmaking Platform (GMP) to accelerate decarbonization in heavy-emitting industries in emerging and developing economies. The platform connects countries with global technical and financial support to reduce emissions in energy-intensive sectors. Launched in December 2023 at COP28, GMP connects nations with delivery partners for policy development, technology transfer, and investments. It helps countries tailor decarbonization efforts and access resources for achieving zero and low-emission industrial practices. The GMP is part of the Climate Club, with support from OECD, IEA, and UNIDO.
Notes: United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the Climate Club recently launched the Global Matchmaking Platform (GMP) to accelerate decarbonization in heavy-emitting industries in emerging and developing economies. The platform connects countries with global technical and financial support to reduce emissions in energy-intensive sectors. Launched in December 2023 at COP28, GMP connects nations with delivery partners for policy development, technology transfer, and investments. It helps countries tailor decarbonization efforts and access resources for achieving zero and low-emission industrial practices. The GMP is part of the Climate Club, with support from OECD, IEA, and UNIDO.
Q 57.According to a recent report, which country is the most targeted nation for mobile malware attacks?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [India]
Notes: India is the most targeted country for mobile malware attacks, with 28% of global attacks occurring there. The Zscaler ThreatLabz 2024 report analyzed mobile, IoT, and OT attacks from June 2023 to May 2024. After India, the U.S., Canada, South Africa, and the Netherlands were the next most targeted countries. India was ranked third for mobile malware attacks globally in the 2023 report. In IoT attacks, the U.S. topped the list, followed by Singapore, the U.K., Germany, and Canada. India accounted for 66.5% of mobile malware attacks in the Asia Pacific region.
Notes: India is the most targeted country for mobile malware attacks, with 28% of global attacks occurring there. The Zscaler ThreatLabz 2024 report analyzed mobile, IoT, and OT attacks from June 2023 to May 2024. After India, the U.S., Canada, South Africa, and the Netherlands were the next most targeted countries. India was ranked third for mobile malware attacks globally in the 2023 report. In IoT attacks, the U.S. topped the list, followed by Singapore, the U.K., Germany, and Canada. India accounted for 66.5% of mobile malware attacks in the Asia Pacific region.
Q 58.Which organization released the World Malaria Report 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [World Health Organisation (WHO)]
Notes: The World Malaria Report 2024 is an annual publication by the World Health Organisation (WHO). It evaluates global progress and identifies gaps in the fight against malaria. Malaria cases in India dropped 69%, from 6.4 million in 2017 to 2 million in 2023, and deaths decreased by 68%, from 11,100 to 3,500. Globally, there were 263 million malaria cases and 597,000 deaths in 2023. Africa accounted for 94% of global cases and 95% of deaths, with children under 5 making up 76% of deaths. The WHO South-East Asia Region saw an 82.4% reduction in malaria cases since 2000.
Notes: The World Malaria Report 2024 is an annual publication by the World Health Organisation (WHO). It evaluates global progress and identifies gaps in the fight against malaria. Malaria cases in India dropped 69%, from 6.4 million in 2017 to 2 million in 2023, and deaths decreased by 68%, from 11,100 to 3,500. Globally, there were 263 million malaria cases and 597,000 deaths in 2023. Africa accounted for 94% of global cases and 95% of deaths, with children under 5 making up 76% of deaths. The WHO South-East Asia Region saw an 82.4% reduction in malaria cases since 2000.
Q 59.Which organization published the “Coal 2024: Analysis and Forecast to 2027” Report?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [International Energy Agency (IEA)]
Notes: International Energy Agency (IEA) published the ‘Coal 2024: Analysis and Forecast to 2027’ Report. The report forecasts global coal demand, supply, and trade trends until 2027. Coal demand is shrinking in advanced economies but rising in emerging economies like India, China, and Indonesia. India is projected to see the highest coal demand growth, driven by increased power needs due to economic growth. Global coal production is expected to hit a record high in 2024 and then stabilize through 2027. India is the largest contributor to global coal production growth, with production exceeding 1 billion tonnes for the first time in 2023. Indian coal production grew by 10% in 2023 and is expected to rise by 8% in 2024.
Notes: International Energy Agency (IEA) published the ‘Coal 2024: Analysis and Forecast to 2027’ Report. The report forecasts global coal demand, supply, and trade trends until 2027. Coal demand is shrinking in advanced economies but rising in emerging economies like India, China, and Indonesia. India is projected to see the highest coal demand growth, driven by increased power needs due to economic growth. Global coal production is expected to hit a record high in 2024 and then stabilize through 2027. India is the largest contributor to global coal production growth, with production exceeding 1 billion tonnes for the first time in 2023. Indian coal production grew by 10% in 2023 and is expected to rise by 8% in 2024.
Q 60.Which institution released a report on “S.A.F.E. Accommodation – Worker Housing for manufacturing growth”?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [NITI Aayog]
Notes: NITI Aayog released a report “S.A.F.E. Accommodation – Worker Housing for manufacturing growth”. The report highlights the need for secure, affordable, flexible, and efficient housing for industrial workers to boost India’s manufacturing sector. The Union Budget 2024-25 proposes rental housing with dormitory-style accommodations for workers under a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model with Viability Gap Funding (VGF) and industry commitments. India aims to raise the manufacturing sector’s GDP share from 17% to 25% by 2047, aligning with Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat goals. The S.A.F.E. initiative seeks to align regulations and finances for sustainable housing, boosting workforce stability, productivity, and global investments.
Notes: NITI Aayog released a report “S.A.F.E. Accommodation – Worker Housing for manufacturing growth”. The report highlights the need for secure, affordable, flexible, and efficient housing for industrial workers to boost India’s manufacturing sector. The Union Budget 2024-25 proposes rental housing with dormitory-style accommodations for workers under a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model with Viability Gap Funding (VGF) and industry commitments. India aims to raise the manufacturing sector’s GDP share from 17% to 25% by 2047, aligning with Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat goals. The S.A.F.E. initiative seeks to align regulations and finances for sustainable housing, boosting workforce stability, productivity, and global investments.
Q 61.What is the rank of India in the Network Readiness Index 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [49th]
Notes: India ranks 49th in the Network Readiness Index 2024 (NRI 2024), improving by 11 places from last year. The Network Readiness Index, published by the Portulans Institute, evaluates countries on technology use in governance, citizen engagement, and impact. India’s score increased from 49.93 in 2023 to 53.63 in 2024, reflecting advancements in technology and digital infrastructure. Key areas driving this growth include artificial intelligence, mobile networks, and broadband development. These technologies enhance ease of living and support global research efforts. The improved ranking underscores India’s progress in digital transformation and its emergence as a global tech leader.
Notes: India ranks 49th in the Network Readiness Index 2024 (NRI 2024), improving by 11 places from last year. The Network Readiness Index, published by the Portulans Institute, evaluates countries on technology use in governance, citizen engagement, and impact. India’s score increased from 49.93 in 2023 to 53.63 in 2024, reflecting advancements in technology and digital infrastructure. Key areas driving this growth include artificial intelligence, mobile networks, and broadband development. These technologies enhance ease of living and support global research efforts. The improved ranking underscores India’s progress in digital transformation and its emergence as a global tech leader.
Q 62.Which institution released the “Trend and Progress of Banking in India 2023-24” report?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Reserve Bank of India (RBI)]
Notes: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released the “Trend and Progress of Banking in India 2023-24” report. The report highlights the banking sector’s performance. Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) showed improved profitability for the sixth consecutive year, with a 13-year low in Gross NPAs at 2.5%. The Capital-to-Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) for SCBs stood at 16.8%, exceeding regulatory requirements. Urban Co-operative Banks saw expansion, with improved asset quality. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) reported double-digit credit growth and reduced GNPA to 3.4%. Technological advancements like Unified Lending Interface (ULI) and Open Credit Enablement Network (OCEN) aim to improve credit access. The report highlights rising banking frauds, with cases surging to ₹21,367 crore in 2024.
Notes: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released the “Trend and Progress of Banking in India 2023-24” report. The report highlights the banking sector’s performance. Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) showed improved profitability for the sixth consecutive year, with a 13-year low in Gross NPAs at 2.5%. The Capital-to-Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) for SCBs stood at 16.8%, exceeding regulatory requirements. Urban Co-operative Banks saw expansion, with improved asset quality. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) reported double-digit credit growth and reduced GNPA to 3.4%. Technological advancements like Unified Lending Interface (ULI) and Open Credit Enablement Network (OCEN) aim to improve credit access. The report highlights rising banking frauds, with cases surging to ₹21,367 crore in 2024.
Q 63.Which institution released the report titled “Industry 4.0 adoption and strategic roadmap for Indian manufacturing”?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)]
Notes: The Confederation of Indian Industry released a ‘Industry 4.0 adoption and strategic roadmap for Indian manufacturing Report’. Industry 4.0 refers to smart, connected production systems that interact with the physical world. Automotive, electronics, and pharmaceuticals are leading in adoption, while textiles, metals, and mining face challenges. Key drivers for Industry 4.0 in India include workforce up-skilling, digital infrastructure, and sustainability to meet global green manufacturing standards.
Notes: The Confederation of Indian Industry released a ‘Industry 4.0 adoption and strategic roadmap for Indian manufacturing Report’. Industry 4.0 refers to smart, connected production systems that interact with the physical world. Automotive, electronics, and pharmaceuticals are leading in adoption, while textiles, metals, and mining face challenges. Key drivers for Industry 4.0 in India include workforce up-skilling, digital infrastructure, and sustainability to meet global green manufacturing standards.
Q 64.Business Ready (B-READY) is the flagship report of which organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [World Bank]
Notes: The World Bank launched the Business Ready (B-READY) report, replacing the paused Ease of Doing Business report. The Ease of Doing Business report was suspended in 2020 due to data manipulation and ranking integrity concerns. B-READY serves as a benchmarking tool to evaluate the global business climate and promote inclusive private sector growth. It focuses on ten core topics: Business Entry, Location, Utility Services, Labor, Financial Services, International Trade, Taxation, Dispute Resolution, Market Competition, and Insolvency.
Notes: The World Bank launched the Business Ready (B-READY) report, replacing the paused Ease of Doing Business report. The Ease of Doing Business report was suspended in 2020 due to data manipulation and ranking integrity concerns. B-READY serves as a benchmarking tool to evaluate the global business climate and promote inclusive private sector growth. It focuses on ten core topics: Business Entry, Location, Utility Services, Labor, Financial Services, International Trade, Taxation, Dispute Resolution, Market Competition, and Insolvency.
Q 65.Which institution released the “Comparative study of School Education System (SES)” report?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)]
Notes: Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) released a report titled “Comparative Study of School Education System” (SES). The report analyzes India’s school education system in comparison with countries like the USA, UK, China, Sweden, and Australia. It focuses on various aspects, including education structures, teaching methods, funding, assessments, and equity measures. India spends only 2.7-2.9% of GDP on education, stagnating over six years, while global benchmarks suggest 5-7%. Developed countries like Sweden allocate 6.7-6.9% and the UK 5.3-5.6%, while developing nations like Indonesia and Thailand allocate 3.7-4.3% and 4.0-4.3%, respectively. Australia increased education spending by 8%, and China by 2.4%, highlighting India’s underinvestment. The study calls for raising India’s education spending to 6% of GDP and implementing NEP 2020 reforms, focusing on vocational and digital education.
Notes: Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) released a report titled “Comparative Study of School Education System” (SES). The report analyzes India’s school education system in comparison with countries like the USA, UK, China, Sweden, and Australia. It focuses on various aspects, including education structures, teaching methods, funding, assessments, and equity measures. India spends only 2.7-2.9% of GDP on education, stagnating over six years, while global benchmarks suggest 5-7%. Developed countries like Sweden allocate 6.7-6.9% and the UK 5.3-5.6%, while developing nations like Indonesia and Thailand allocate 3.7-4.3% and 4.0-4.3%, respectively. Australia increased education spending by 8%, and China by 2.4%, highlighting India’s underinvestment. The study calls for raising India’s education spending to 6% of GDP and implementing NEP 2020 reforms, focusing on vocational and digital education.
Q 66.Which ministry published the “Logistics Ease Across Different States (LEADS) 2024” report?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Ministry of Commerce & Industry]
Notes: The Union Minister of Commerce & Industry released the 6th edition of the “Logistics Ease Across Different States (LEADS) 2024” report in New Delhi. It was initiated in 2018 by Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry. LEADS 2024 evaluates logistics performance across four pillars: Infrastructure, Services, Operating Environment, and Sustainable Logistics. The report highlights initiatives by States and UTs and identifies region-specific opportunities. It aims to enable informed decision-making and improve logistics efficiency nationwide.
Notes: The Union Minister of Commerce & Industry released the 6th edition of the “Logistics Ease Across Different States (LEADS) 2024” report in New Delhi. It was initiated in 2018 by Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry. LEADS 2024 evaluates logistics performance across four pillars: Infrastructure, Services, Operating Environment, and Sustainable Logistics. The report highlights initiatives by States and UTs and identifies region-specific opportunities. It aims to enable informed decision-making and improve logistics efficiency nationwide.
Q 67.Which organization released the Future of Jobs Report 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [World Economic Forum (WEF) ]
Notes: The World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Future of Jobs Report 2025 predicts AI, big data, and security management specialists as the fastest-growing jobs. The report is based on data from over 1,000 global companies, covering 14 million workers in 22 sectors across 55 economies. The Future of Jobs Report 2025 was published by the World Economic Forum (WEF). By 2030, 170 million new jobs will be created, but 92 million jobs will be displaced, leading to a net increase of 78 million jobs. Drivers of change include technology, digital access, economic shifts, green transition, and demographic trends. Fastest-growing roles include FinTech engineers, software developers, and autonomous vehicle specialists. India focuses on AI, robotics, energy technologies, and semiconductors, with AI adoption surpassing the global average.
Notes: The World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Future of Jobs Report 2025 predicts AI, big data, and security management specialists as the fastest-growing jobs. The report is based on data from over 1,000 global companies, covering 14 million workers in 22 sectors across 55 economies. The Future of Jobs Report 2025 was published by the World Economic Forum (WEF). By 2030, 170 million new jobs will be created, but 92 million jobs will be displaced, leading to a net increase of 78 million jobs. Drivers of change include technology, digital access, economic shifts, green transition, and demographic trends. Fastest-growing roles include FinTech engineers, software developers, and autonomous vehicle specialists. India focuses on AI, robotics, energy technologies, and semiconductors, with AI adoption surpassing the global average.
Q 68.What is the rank of India in the Henley Passport Index 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [85th]
Notes: India’s passport ranking has dropped to 85th in the Henley Passport Index 2025, down from 80th in 2024. The index evaluates passports based on visa-free access to global destinations. India now allows visa-free travel to 57 countries. The top-ranking passport belongs to Singapore, which offers access to 195 destinations. Over the past two decades, India’s ranking has fluctuated significantly, peaking at 71st in 2006. The index relies on data from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to assess travel access.
Notes: India’s passport ranking has dropped to 85th in the Henley Passport Index 2025, down from 80th in 2024. The index evaluates passports based on visa-free access to global destinations. India now allows visa-free travel to 57 countries. The top-ranking passport belongs to Singapore, which offers access to 195 destinations. Over the past two decades, India’s ranking has fluctuated significantly, peaking at 71st in 2006. The index relies on data from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to assess travel access.
Q 69.Which organization has released the Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [World Bank]
Notes: Cabo Verde, an archipelago off West Africa, needs to invest $842 million from 2024-2030 ($140 million per year) to tackle climate and development challenges. The World Bank’s report, Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) 2025, launched on January 15, 2025, outlines these needs for enhancing climate resilience and sustainable development. World Bank released the Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) 2025. The CCDRs aim to integrate climate change considerations into development planning. These reports utilize extensive data and research to identify key climate vulnerabilities and potential pathways for action.
Notes: Cabo Verde, an archipelago off West Africa, needs to invest $842 million from 2024-2030 ($140 million per year) to tackle climate and development challenges. The World Bank’s report, Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) 2025, launched on January 15, 2025, outlines these needs for enhancing climate resilience and sustainable development. World Bank released the Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) 2025. The CCDRs aim to integrate climate change considerations into development planning. These reports utilize extensive data and research to identify key climate vulnerabilities and potential pathways for action.
Q 70.What is the rank of India in the QS World Future Skills Index 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Second]
Notes: India ranks second after the US in the QS World Future Skills Index 2025 for job market preparedness in AI, digital, and green sectors. India scores highly in the “Future of Work” indicator, trailing the US by less than a point. The country excels in readiness for digital roles alongside Mexico. However, India faces challenges in its higher education system, industry collaboration, and equipping graduates with in-demand skills. Despite strong GDP growth and a youthful population, India lags in sustainability and innovation metrics. To unlock potential, India needs better integration between education and industry.
Notes: India ranks second after the US in the QS World Future Skills Index 2025 for job market preparedness in AI, digital, and green sectors. India scores highly in the “Future of Work” indicator, trailing the US by less than a point. The country excels in readiness for digital roles alongside Mexico. However, India faces challenges in its higher education system, industry collaboration, and equipping graduates with in-demand skills. Despite strong GDP growth and a youthful population, India lags in sustainability and innovation metrics. To unlock potential, India needs better integration between education and industry.
Q 71.What is the rank of India in the QS World Future Skills Index 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Second]
Notes: India ranks second after the US in the QS World Future Skills Index 2025 for job market preparedness in AI, digital, and green sectors. India scores highly in the “Future of Work” indicator, trailing the US by less than a point. The country excels in readiness for digital roles alongside Mexico. However, India faces challenges in its higher education system, industry collaboration, and equipping graduates with in-demand skills. Despite strong GDP growth and a youthful population, India lags in sustainability and innovation metrics. To unlock potential, India needs better integration between education and industry.
Notes: India ranks second after the US in the QS World Future Skills Index 2025 for job market preparedness in AI, digital, and green sectors. India scores highly in the “Future of Work” indicator, trailing the US by less than a point. The country excels in readiness for digital roles alongside Mexico. However, India faces challenges in its higher education system, industry collaboration, and equipping graduates with in-demand skills. Despite strong GDP growth and a youthful population, India lags in sustainability and innovation metrics. To unlock potential, India needs better integration between education and industry.
Q 72.Which ministry has released the ‘Estimation and Measurement of India’s Digital Economy’ report?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology ]
Notes: The Ministry of Electronics and IT released a report titled “Estimation and Measurement of India’s Digital Economy.” India’s digital economy was 11.74% of national income in 2022-23, expected to rise to 13.42% by 2024-25. It may grow twice as fast as the overall economy, contributing nearly 20% of national income by 2029-30. The digital economy employed 14.67 million workers (2.55% of the workforce) in 2022-23. India is the second-largest market for 5G and mobile subscriptions globally. India led global contributions to AI projects (23%) on GitHub and had 1644 billion digital payments in FY 2023-24.
Notes: The Ministry of Electronics and IT released a report titled “Estimation and Measurement of India’s Digital Economy.” India’s digital economy was 11.74% of national income in 2022-23, expected to rise to 13.42% by 2024-25. It may grow twice as fast as the overall economy, contributing nearly 20% of national income by 2029-30. The digital economy employed 14.67 million workers (2.55% of the workforce) in 2022-23. India is the second-largest market for 5G and mobile subscriptions globally. India led global contributions to AI projects (23%) on GitHub and had 1644 billion digital payments in FY 2023-24.
Q 73.Which organization has released Navigating Global Financial System Fragmentation report recently?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [World Economic Forum (WEF)]
Notes: The World Economic Forum (WEF) released the “Navigating Global Financial System Fragmentation” report, urging policymakers to promote an integrated financial system. Fragmentation of Global Financial Systems (GFS) refers to differences in asset prices or capital movement across borders, leading to increased tariffs, sanctions, and export controls. The World Economic Forum’s report highlights that geopolitical actions, such as sanctions and industrial policies, are driving this fragmentation. The impact could reduce trade, cross-border capital flows, and economic efficiencies, and increase global inflation by over 5% in extreme cases.
Notes: The World Economic Forum (WEF) released the “Navigating Global Financial System Fragmentation” report, urging policymakers to promote an integrated financial system. Fragmentation of Global Financial Systems (GFS) refers to differences in asset prices or capital movement across borders, leading to increased tariffs, sanctions, and export controls. The World Economic Forum’s report highlights that geopolitical actions, such as sanctions and industrial policies, are driving this fragmentation. The impact could reduce trade, cross-border capital flows, and economic efficiencies, and increase global inflation by over 5% in extreme cases.
Q 74.Which organization recently released the report titled “Learning Interrupted: Global Snapshot of Climate-Related School Disruptions”?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)]
Notes: UNICEF’s report, “Learning Interrupted: Global Snapshot of Climate-Related School Disruptions,” was released on January 24, 2025. In 2024, at least 242 million students globally faced school disruptions due to climate events. The report analyzed disruptions in 85 countries, identifying 119 climate hazards impacting education. Heat waves caused the most disruptions, affecting 171 million students, especially in April, May, June, and July. Tropical cyclones, storms, floods, and droughts also contributed to school closures and delays. South Asia was the most affected region, with 128 million students impacted, followed by East Asia and Latin America. Nearly 1 billion children live in high-risk areas for climate-related disruptions.
Notes: UNICEF’s report, “Learning Interrupted: Global Snapshot of Climate-Related School Disruptions,” was released on January 24, 2025. In 2024, at least 242 million students globally faced school disruptions due to climate events. The report analyzed disruptions in 85 countries, identifying 119 climate hazards impacting education. Heat waves caused the most disruptions, affecting 171 million students, especially in April, May, June, and July. Tropical cyclones, storms, floods, and droughts also contributed to school closures and delays. South Asia was the most affected region, with 128 million students impacted, followed by East Asia and Latin America. Nearly 1 billion children live in high-risk areas for climate-related disruptions.
Q 75.Which institution has released the Digital Payments Index recently?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Reserve Bank of India (RBI)]
Notes: RBI released the Digital Payments Index (RBI-DPI) to measure the growth of digital transactions in India. Digital payments grew by 11.1% YoY as of September 2024. The RBI-DPI for September 2024 stood at 465.33, up from 445.50 in March 2024. The index tracks five key factors: Payment Enablers, Infrastructure (Demand & Supply), Payment Performance, and Consumer Centricity. UPI’s share in digital payments surged from 34% in 2019 to 83% in 2024, with a CAGR of 74%. UPI transactions grew from ₹5.86 lakh crore (2018) to ₹246.83 lakh crore (2024).
Notes: RBI released the Digital Payments Index (RBI-DPI) to measure the growth of digital transactions in India. Digital payments grew by 11.1% YoY as of September 2024. The RBI-DPI for September 2024 stood at 465.33, up from 445.50 in March 2024. The index tracks five key factors: Payment Enablers, Infrastructure (Demand & Supply), Payment Performance, and Consumer Centricity. UPI’s share in digital payments surged from 34% in 2019 to 83% in 2024, with a CAGR of 74%. UPI transactions grew from ₹5.86 lakh crore (2018) to ₹246.83 lakh crore (2024).
Q 76.The Panchayat Devolution Index Report is released by which ministry?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Ministry of Panchayati Raj]
Notes: The Ministry of Panchayati Raj released the Devolution Index Report on 13th February 2025 at Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA), New Delhi. The Index assesses decentralization progress across States and Union Territories. It evaluates six key dimensions: Framework, Functions, Finances, Functionaries, Capacity Building, and Accountability. It examines Panchayats’ autonomy in decision-making under Article 243G of the Constitution. The Index strengthens cooperative federalism and local governance. It aids citizens, representatives, and officials in tracking Panchayat performance. It aligns with Viksit Bharat, promoting rural transformation and sustainable development.
Notes: The Ministry of Panchayati Raj released the Devolution Index Report on 13th February 2025 at Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA), New Delhi. The Index assesses decentralization progress across States and Union Territories. It evaluates six key dimensions: Framework, Functions, Finances, Functionaries, Capacity Building, and Accountability. It examines Panchayats’ autonomy in decision-making under Article 243G of the Constitution. The Index strengthens cooperative federalism and local governance. It aids citizens, representatives, and officials in tracking Panchayat performance. It aligns with Viksit Bharat, promoting rural transformation and sustainable development.
Q 77.What is the rank of India in the World Bank Logistics Performance Index (LPI)?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [38th]
Notes: India ranked 22nd in International Shipments and 38th in the overall Logistics Performance Index (LPI) 2023. Indian Ports’ “Turn Around Time” is 0.9 days, better than countries like the USA, Australia, and Singapore. The Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047 aligns with the blue economy and aims to transform India’s maritime sector. Key initiatives include expanding port capacity, enhancing operational efficiency, sustainability through green projects, and promoting coastal tourism. The vision also focuses on shipbuilding, workforce training, and enhancing India’s global maritime presence.
Notes: India ranked 22nd in International Shipments and 38th in the overall Logistics Performance Index (LPI) 2023. Indian Ports’ “Turn Around Time” is 0.9 days, better than countries like the USA, Australia, and Singapore. The Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047 aligns with the blue economy and aims to transform India’s maritime sector. Key initiatives include expanding port capacity, enhancing operational efficiency, sustainability through green projects, and promoting coastal tourism. The vision also focuses on shipbuilding, workforce training, and enhancing India’s global maritime presence.
Q 78.What is the rank of India in the Climate Risk Index (CRI) 2025?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [6th]
Notes: India ranked sixth in the Climate Risk Index 2025 by Germanwatch, highlighting its climate vulnerability. It was among the 10 most affected countries by extreme weather events from 1993 to 2022. India accounted for 10% of global fatalities and 4.3% of economic losses due to such events. The country faced floods, heatwaves, and cyclones, with major floods in 1993, 1998, and 2013. Severe heatwaves occurred in 2002, 2003, and 2015. More than 400 extreme events caused $180 billion in losses and at least 80,000 deaths in India.
Notes: India ranked sixth in the Climate Risk Index 2025 by Germanwatch, highlighting its climate vulnerability. It was among the 10 most affected countries by extreme weather events from 1993 to 2022. India accounted for 10% of global fatalities and 4.3% of economic losses due to such events. The country faced floods, heatwaves, and cyclones, with major floods in 1993, 1998, and 2013. Severe heatwaves occurred in 2002, 2003, and 2015. More than 400 extreme events caused $180 billion in losses and at least 80,000 deaths in India.
Q 79.Which organization published the Global Infrastructure Resilience Report?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI)]
Notes: The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) released the Global Infrastructure Resilience Report, assessing disaster preparedness. The Global Infrastructure Risk Model and Resilience Index (GIRI) provides financial risk data for key sectors like transport, energy, telecom, water, and health. A $9.2 trillion annual investment is needed by 2050 to address infrastructure gaps and climate resilience. Infrastructure is vulnerable to disasters like earthquakes, cyclones, floods, and droughts. Many Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) face weak infrastructure governance. The report emphasizes data-driven risk assessment, economic benefits of resilience, nature-based solutions, informed policymaking, and global collaboration.
Notes: The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) released the Global Infrastructure Resilience Report, assessing disaster preparedness. The Global Infrastructure Risk Model and Resilience Index (GIRI) provides financial risk data for key sectors like transport, energy, telecom, water, and health. A $9.2 trillion annual investment is needed by 2050 to address infrastructure gaps and climate resilience. Infrastructure is vulnerable to disasters like earthquakes, cyclones, floods, and droughts. Many Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) face weak infrastructure governance. The report emphasizes data-driven risk assessment, economic benefits of resilience, nature-based solutions, informed policymaking, and global collaboration.
Q 80.Which ministry has released the 2nd edition of the Time Use Survey (TUS) 2024?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation ]
Notes: The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the 2nd edition of the Time Use Survey (TUS) 2024. The National Statistics Office (NSO), MoSPI conducted the first all-India TUS in 2019. The latest survey was conducted from January to December 2024. It analyzes how Indians allocate time to employment, caregiving, and leisure. A key finding is the rise in women’s participation in paid jobs, shifting from unpaid domestic work. This trend reflects economic and social changes, impacting India’s labor market dynamics.
Notes: The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the 2nd edition of the Time Use Survey (TUS) 2024. The National Statistics Office (NSO), MoSPI conducted the first all-India TUS in 2019. The latest survey was conducted from January to December 2024. It analyzes how Indians allocate time to employment, caregiving, and leisure. A key finding is the rise in women’s participation in paid jobs, shifting from unpaid domestic work. This trend reflects economic and social changes, impacting India’s labor market dynamics.
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